Statement and Conclusions – Logical Reasoning – MBA CUET PG – Notes & Practice Questions

• Conclusion is the last part of something, result or its end. It means a fact that can be truly inferred from the contents of a given sentence or passage.
• In this topic statement is given and under this statement two or three conclusions are given. It is expected from you to check that result about statement lies in the conclusion or not.
• In this type of questions the most important is to understand the way in which conclusions are given. Some he conclusions are so simple that we can solve them at the first look whereas some are so complex that they need special observation.
• Any conclusion is acceptable if information of the statement is related to it agree with argument etc.

Points to Remember to find out any Conclusion

1. Conclusion is a result that have to be confirmed.
2. Conclusion must be related to the statement information.
3. It always be related, inbuilt and connected to given data.
4. Never use any assumptions for the conclusion.
5. A perfect conclusion is based on fact, given statement and other hidden information.

Solved Examples

1. Statement:

The distance of 900 km by road between Bombay and Jafra will be reduced to 280 km by sea. This will lead to a saving of Rs. 7.92 crore per annum on fuel.

Conclusions:

(I) Transportation by sea is cheaper than that of road.

(II) Fuel must be saved to the greatest extent.

(a) If only conclusion I follows.

(b) If only conclusion II follows.

(c) If either I or II follows.

(d) If neither I nor II follows.

Sol. (b); If only conclusion II follows.

According to the statement the distance is reduced between two cities and we are confirmed by statement that the savings on the fuel but we doesn’t confirmed that it is cheaper than that by road. So first conclusion does not follow.

2. Statement:

In Urban areas the population of people below poverty lines has been increased in previous year.

Conclusions:

(I) People who are living in rural areas are not below poverty line.

(II) Such survey was done in previous year

(a) If only conclusion I follows.

(b) If only conclusion II follows.

(c) If either I or II follows.

(d) If neither I nor II follows.

Sol. (b); In above statement, it is only about people who are living in urban areas. Nothing is said about rural people. Hence statement I is not related to conclusion I. Now about II conclusion, which is right because such survey was done in previous year just then we come to know that people below poverty line has been increased in urban area.

3. Statements:

All students in my class are bright. Manish is not bright

Conclusion:

(I) Some students are not bright

(II) Manish must work hard.

(III) Non- bright ones are not-students.

(IV) Manish is not a student of my class.

(a) Only I

(b) II and III

(c) III and IV

(d) Only IV

Sol. (d); Only IV.

4. Statement:

Morning walks are good for health.

Conclusions:

(I) All healthy people go for morning walks.

(II) Evening walks are harmful.

(a) Only I follows

(b) Only II follows

(c) Either I or II follows

(d) Neither I nor II follows

Sol. (d); Neither I nor II follows.

Here, it is mentioned that morning walks improves health. But this does not mean that all healthy people go for morning walks. So, conclusion I does not follow. Also nothing is mentioned about evening walks in the statement. So, conclusion II does not follow.

5. Statement:

All guilty politicians were arrested. Kishan and chander were among those arrested.

Conclusions:

(I) All politicians are guilty

(II) All arrested people are politicians

(III) Kishan and chander were not politicians

(IV) Kishan and chander were guilty.tal

(a) Only I follows

(b) Only II follows

(c) II and III follow

(d) None follow olveri

Sol. (d); Only II follows.

From the given statements, it is clear that all the guilty politicians were arrested. Kishan and chander were among the arrested person but it can not be concluded that they are guilty.

Practice Questions

Directions: In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

Give answer:

(a) If only conclusion I follows

(b) If only conclusion II follows

(c) If both I and II follow.

(d) If neither I nor II follows

1. Statements:

In a one day cricket match, the total runs made by a team were 200. Out of these 160 runs were made by spinners.

Conclusions:

I. 80% of the team consists of spinners.

II. The opening batsmen were spinners.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Both I and II follow

D. Neither I nor II follows

2. Statements:

The old order changed yielding place to new.

Conclusions:

I. Change is the law of nature.

II. Discard old ideas because they are old.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Both I and II follow

D. Neither I nor II follows

3. Statements:

Government has spoiled many top ranking financial institutions by appointing bureaucrats as Directors of these institutions.

Conclusions:

I. Government should appoint Directors of the financial institutes taking into consideration the expertise of the person in the area of finance.

II. The Director of the financial institute should have expertise commensurate with the financial work carried out by the institute.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Both I and II follow

D. Neither I nor II follows

4. Statements:

Population increase coupled with depleting resources is going to be the scenario of many developing countries in days to come.

Conclusions:

I. The population of developing countries will not continue to increase in future.

II. It will be very difficult for the governments of developing countries to provide its people decent quality of life.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II followsts

C. Both I and II follow

D. Neither I nor II follows

5. Statements:

Prime age school-going children in urban India have now become avid as well as more regular viewers of television, even in households without a TV. As a result there has been an alarming decline in the extent of readership of newspapers.

Conclusions:

I. Method of increasing the readership of newspapers should be devised.

II. A team of experts should be sent to other countries to study the impact of TV. on the readership of newspapers.

A. Only conclusion I follows

B. Only conclusion II follows

C. Both I and II follow

D. Neither I nor II follows