Later Mughals and Disintegration of the Mughal Empire – UGC NET – Practice Questions

Later Mughals (1707-1858)

1. The year generally considered to mark the beginning of the Later Mughal period is:
A. 1687 CE
B. 1707 CE
C. 1719 CE
D. 1739 CE

2. The decline of the Mughal Empire accelerated after the death of:
A. Akbar
B. Jahangir
C. Shah Jahan
D. Aurangzeb

3. The period between 1707 CE and 1761 CE witnessed:
A. Rise of Mughal power
B. Complete political unity
C. Resurgence of regional identities
D. Decline of trade only

4. Which battle of 1761 CE marked a major turning point during the Later Mughal period?
A. Battle of Buxar
B. Battle of Plassey
C. First Battle of Panipat
D. Third Battle of Panipat

5. Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas in:
A. Battle of Buxar
B. Battle of Plassey
C. Third Battle of Panipat
D. Battle of Karnal

6. The weakness of the Mughal Empire became evident when Delhi was looted by:
A. Ahmad Shah Abdali
B. Timur
C. Nadir Shah
D. Sher Shah

7. Nadir Shah looted Delhi in:
A. 1719 CE
B. 1720 CE
C. 1739 CE
D. 1748 CE

8. After Aurangzeb’s death, Mughal politics became characterized by:
A. Religious orthodoxy only
B. Strong emperors
C. Factionalism among nobles
D. Economic prosperity

9. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- II, C- IV, D- III
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

10. Assertion (A): The Mughal Empire weakened rapidly after Aurangzeb’s death.
Reason (R): Regional powers and noble factions grew stronger.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

11. After Aurangzeb’s death, a war of succession occurred among:
A. Two sons
B. Four sons
C. Three sons
D. Five sons

12. Muazzam served as governor of:
A. Gujarat
B. Deccan
C. Bengal
D. Kabul

13. Muhammad Kam Baksh was governor of:
A. Kabul
B. Gujarat
C. Deccan
D. Punjab

14. Muhammad Azam Shah governed:
A. Kabul
B. Bengal
C. Deccan
D. Gujarat

15. Muazzam ascended the throne with the title:
A. Alamgir II
B. Shah Alam II
C. Bahadur Shah I
D. Jahandar Shah

16. Bahadur Shah I ascended the throne at the age of:
A. 50
B. 55
C. 60
D. 63

17. Bahadur Shah I followed a policy that was relatively:
A. Orthodox
B. Aggressive
C. Liberal towards nobles
D. Anti-Hindu

18. During Bahadur Shah I’s reign, real authority is believed to have rested with:
A. Nizam-ul-Mulk
B. Zulfiqar Khan
C. Saadat Khan
D. Imad-ul-Mulk

19. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- III, B- II, C- I, D- IV
B. A- II, B- I, C- IV, D- III
C. A- I, B- III, C- II, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- II, C- III, D- I

20. Assertion (A): Bahadur Shah I adopted a tolerant approach towards Hindus.
Reason (R): He abolished jizya completely.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is true, but R is false

21. Bahadur Shah I acknowledged the independence of:
A. Bengal and Bihar
B. Marwar and Mewar
C. Gujarat and Punjab
D. Awadh and Bengal

22. Bahadur Shah I released which Maratha leader?
A. Sambhaji
B. Balaji Vishwanath
C. Shahu
D. Rajaram

23. Bahadur Shah I granted the Marathas:
A. Chauth only
B. Sardeshmukhi of the Deccan
C. Malwa
D. Gujarat

24. Bahadur Shah I failed to grant which important Maratha demand?
A. Sardeshmukhi
B. Jagir rights
C. Revenue farming
D. Chauth

25. Which Sikh Guru received a high mansab under Bahadur Shah I?
A. Guru Nanak
B. Guru Tegh Bahadur
C. Guru Gobind Singh
D. Guru Arjan Dev

26. Bahadur Shah I faced rebellion from:
A. Shivaji
B. Banda Bahadur
C. Jai Singh
D. Chattrasal

27. Bahadur Shah I died in:
A. 1707 CE
B. 1710 CE
C. 1712 CE
D. 1719 CE

28. Bahadur Shah I was called “Shah-i-Bekhabar” by:
A. Abul Fazl
B. Badauni
C. Khafi Khan
D. Bernier

29. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- III, C- IV, D- II
C. A- III, B- II, C- I, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

30. Assertion (A): Bahadur Shah I successfully secured full Maratha loyalty.
Reason (R): He granted both Sardeshmukhi and Chauth.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is false

31. Jahandar Shah ruled during:
A. 1707–1712
B. 1712–1713
C. 1713–1719
D. 1719–1748

32. Jahandar Shah is remembered as the first:
A. Warrior emperor
B. Liberal emperor
C. Puppet ruler
D. Reformist emperor

33. Jahandar Shah was supported by:
A. Saiyyad Brothers
B. Imad-ul-Mulk
C. Zulfiqar Khan
D. Nizam-ul-Mulk

34. Under Jahandar Shah, the reins of administration were in the hands of:
A. Emperor himself
B. Saiyyad brothers
C. Rajputs
D. Zulfiqar Khan

35. Zulfiqar Khan abolished:
A. Chauth
B. Pilgrimage tax
C. Jizya
D. Sardeshmukhi

36. Zulfiqar Khan granted the title “Maharaja” to:
A. Jai Singh
B. Ajit Singh of Marwar
C. Banda Bahadur
D. Chattrasal

37. Jai Singh of Amber was granted the title:
A. Raja-i-Rajgan
B. Shah-i-Hind
C. Mirza Raj Sawai
D. Amir-ul-Umara

38. Jahandar Shah’s favourite lady was:
A. Nur Jahan
B. Roshan Ara
C. Jahanara
D. Lal Kanwar

39. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- I, C- II, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III

40. Assertion (A): Jahandar Shah exercised full independent authority as emperor.
Reason (R): Zulfiqar Khan dominated executive authority.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

41. Zulfiqar Khan attempted to improve Mughal finances by:
A. Increasing pilgrimage taxes
B. Checking reckless grants of jagirs and offices
C. Abolishing mansabdari
D. Confiscating Rajput lands

42. Zulfiqar Khan ensured mansabdars maintained:
A. Religious duties
B. Naval services
C. Official quota of troops
D. Trade privileges

43. Which controversial practice was introduced by Zulfiqar Khan?
A. Zabti system
B. Jagirdari system
C. Ijarah (Revenue farming)
D. Dahsala system

44. Ijarah is also known as:
A. Land grant
B. Jagir reform
C. Revenue farming
D. Tax remission

45. Ijarah resulted primarily in:
A. Prosperity of peasants
B. Decline in taxation
C. Rise in trade
D. Oppression of peasants

46. Jahandar Shah was defeated by:
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Muhammad Shah
C. Farrukh Siyar
D. Ahmad Shah

47. Farrukh Siyar ascended the throne in:
A. 1712 CE
B. 1713 CE
C. 1717 CE
D. 1719 CE

48. Farrukh Siyar defeated Jahandar Shah at:
A. Delhi
B. Lahore
C. Panipat
D. Agra

49. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- III
C. A- III, B- I, C- IV, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

50. Assertion (A): Zulfiqar Khan improved the condition of peasants through Ijarah.
Reason (R): Revenue farming reduced exploitation in villages.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is false

51. Farrukh Siyar ascended the throne with the support of:
A. Rajputs
B. Marathas
C. Saiyyad Brothers
D. Nizam-ul-Mulk

52. Saiyyad Abdullah Khan served as:
A. Mir Bakshi
B. Governor of Bengal
C. Wazir
D. Commander of Marathas

53. Hussain Ali Khan held the office of:
A. Wazir
B. Mir Bakshi
C. Qazi-ul-Quzat
D. Diwan

54. The Saiyyad brothers were popularly known as:
A. Shah-i-Bekhabar
B. Warrior brothers
C. Reformers
D. Kingmakers

55. The Saiyyad brothers killed:
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Zulfiqar Khan
D. Banda Bahadur

56. Under Farrukh Siyar, Banda Bahadur was:
A. Released
B. Appointed governor
C. Executed
D. Crowned ruler

57. In 1717 CE, Farrukh Siyar granted trading privileges to:
A. French Company
B. Dutch Company
C. Portuguese traders
D. East India Company

58. The East India Company received exemption from customs duties in:
A. Gujarat
B. Punjab
C. Deccan
D. Bengal

59. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- II, C- IV, D- III
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

60. Assertion (A): Farrukh Siyar successfully dominated the Saiyyad brothers.
Reason (R): The Saiyyad brothers controlled key administrative positions.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

61. The Saiyyad brothers abolished:
A. Chauth
B. Sardeshmukhi
C. Jizya and pilgrimage tax
D. Mansabdari

62. Farrukh Siyar plotted against the Saiyyad brothers:
A. Once
B. Twice
C. Thrice
D. Four times

63. The Saiyyad brothers allied with which Maratha leader in 1719 CE?
A. Shivaji
B. Sambhaji
C. Shahu
D. Balaji Vishwanath

64. Farrukh Siyar was killed in:
A. 1712 CE
B. 1713 CE
C. 1717 CE
D. 1719 CE

65. The Saiyyad brothers attempted to maintain peace with:
A. Marathas only
B. Rajputs only
C. Jats only
D. Marathas, Jats, and Rajputs

66. The growing conflict between Farrukh Siyar and the Saiyyad brothers resulted mainly from:
A. Religious differences
B. Trade disputes
C. Power struggle
D. Maratha invasions

67. The influence of the Saiyyad brothers increased due to:
A. British support
B. Military reforms
C. Weak Mughal emperors
D. Rajput alliances

68. Rafi-Ud-Darajat belonged to the family of:
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Rafiush-Shan
D. Muhammad Shah

69. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- IV, C- I, D- III
C. A- III, B- I, C- IV, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

70. Assertion (A): The Saiyyad brothers strengthened imperial authority permanently.
Reason (R): Court intrigues and factionalism weakened their efforts.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. A is false, but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

71. Rafi-Ud-Darajat became Mughal emperor in:
A. 1713 CE
B. 1717 CE
C. 1719 CE
D. 1720 CE

72. Rafi-Ud-Darajat was the son of:
A. Farrukh Siyar
B. Bahadur Shah I
C. Jahandar Shah
D. Rafiush-Shan

73. Rafi-Ud-Darajat was controlled mainly by:
A. Rajputs
B. Marathas
C. Saiyyad Brothers
D. British officials

74. Rafi-Ud-Darajat was succeeded by:
A. Muhammad Shah
B. Nikusiyar
C. Farrukh Siyar
D. Rafi-ud-daulah

75. Rafi-ud-daulah was also known as:
A. Shah Alam II
B. Bahadur Shah II
C. Shah Jahan II
D. Alamgir II

76. Nikusiyar revolted and occupied the throne at:
A. Delhi
B. Lahore
C. Agra
D. Kabul

77. Nikusiyar was supported by:
A. Balaji Vishwanath
B. Hussain Ali Khan
C. Mitrasen (a Nagar Brahmin)
D. Nizam-ul-Mulk

78. Hussain Ali Khan imprisoned Nikusiyar after marching to:
A. Delhi
B. Bengal
C. Agra
D. Lahore

79. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- I, C- IV, D- III
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

80. Assertion (A): Rafi-Ud-Darajat ruled independently of noble influence.
Reason (R): The Saiyyad brothers exercised effective control over administration.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

81. Rafi-us-Daula died due to:
A. Cholera
B. Malaria
C. Consumption (Tuberculosis)
D. Plague

82. Muhammad Shah ascended the Peacock Throne in:
A. 1717 CE
B. 1719 CE
C. 1720 CE
D. 1739 CE

83. Muhammad Shah ruled till:
A. 1739 CE
B. 1745 CE
C. 1748 CE
D. 1754 CE

84. Muhammad Shah was popularly known as:
A. Shah-i-Bekhabar
B. Alamgir
C. Roshan Akhtar
D. Muhammad Shah Rangeela

85. Muhammad Shah’s original name was:
A. Jahan Shah
B. Roshan Akhtar
C. Ali Gauhar
D. Kam Baksh

86. Muhammad Shah was the grandson of:
A. Aurangzeb
B. Jahandar Shah
C. Bahadur Shah I
D. Farrukh Siyar

87. Muhammad Shah was fond of:
A. Poetry only
B. Painting only
C. Warfare
D. Dancing and Kathak

88. Muhammad Shah removed the Saiyyad brothers with the help of:
A. British East India Company
B. Rajputs only
C. Nizam-ul-Mulk and Chin Qilich Khan
D. Banda Bahadur

89. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- I, C- II, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III

90. Assertion (A): Muhammad Shah strengthened Mughal central authority significantly.
Reason (R): Independent regional states emerged during his reign.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

91. The Deccan emerged as an independent state under:
A. Saadat Khan
B. Murshid Quli Khan
C. Nizam-ul-Mulk
D. Imad-ul-Mulk

92. Awadh came under the leadership of:
A. Nizam-ul-Mulk
B. Saadat Khan
C. Murshid Quli Khan
D. Shuja-ud-Daula

93. Bihar, Bengal, and Orissa were ruled by:
A. Saadat Khan
B. Nizam-ul-Mulk
C. Murshid Quli Khan
D. Ahmad Shah Abdali

94. Muhammad Shah’s reign witnessed a decline in:
A. Revenue collection only
B. Trade routes only
C. Area of effective Mughal control
D. Religious institutions

95. Nadir Shah invaded India during the reign of:
A. Farrukh Siyar
B. Ahmad Shah
C. Bahadur Shah I
D. Muhammad Shah Rangeela

96. Nadir Shah was the ruler of:
A. Afghanistan
B. Turkey
C. Central Asia
D. Iran

97. Nadir Shah became famous in Iran for:
A. Defeating Rajputs
B. Conquering Delhi
C. Driving Afghans out of Iran
D. Supporting Mughals

98. Muhammad Shah withdrew his ambassador from the Persian court in:
A. 1719 CE
B. 1725 CE
C. 1736 CE
D. 1739 CE

99. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- III, C- IV, D- II
C. A- III, B- II, C- I, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

100. Assertion (A): Muhammad Shah’s reign saw the fragmentation of Mughal authority.
Reason (R): Regional states became increasingly autonomous.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

101. One reason for Nadir Shah’s invasion was that Muhammad Shah:
A. Allied with Afghans
B. Refused to recognize Persia
C. Withdrew his ambassador and broke diplomatic relations
D. Occupied Persian territories

102. Nadir Shah sent how many envoys to the Mughal court?
A. One
B. Two
C. Three
D. Four

103. Nadir Shah became enraged because:
A. Mughals invaded Persia
B. His third envoy was detained by Muhammad Shah
C. Rajputs insulted him
D. Delhi refused trade

104. Afghan nobles who fled to Mughal territory were sheltered by:
A. Nizam-ul-Mulk
B. Saadat Khan
C. Muhammad Shah Rangeela
D. Hussain Ali Khan

105. Which Mughal nobles allegedly invited Nadir Shah to invade India?
A. Saiyyad brothers
B. Zulfiqar Khan and Banda Bahadur
C. Saadat Khan and Nizam-ul-Mulk
D. Jai Singh and Ajit Singh

106. Nadir Shah captured Jalalabad and Peshawar in:
A. 1736 CE
B. 1737 CE
C. 1738 CE
D. 1739 CE

107. Lahore was captured by Nadir Shah in:
A. 1736 CE
B. 1737 CE
C. 1738 CE
D. 1739 CE

108. The decisive battle between Muhammad Shah and Nadir Shah took place at:
A. Panipat
B. Agra
C. Delhi
D. Karnal

109. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- II, C- IV, D- III
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

110. Assertion (A): Nadir Shah invaded India due to multiple political and diplomatic reasons.
Reason (R): Mughal–Persian diplomatic relations had deteriorated sharply.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

111. The Battle of Karnal was fought in:
A. 1736 CE
B. 1738 CE
C. 1739 CE
D. 1748 CE

112. Karnal is located approximately how far north of Delhi?
A. 60 km
B. 80 km
C. 100 km
D. 120 km

113. At Karnal, the Persian forces:
A. Retreated from battle
B. Devastated the Mughal army
C. Allied with Rajputs
D. Lost to Mughals

114. After the Battle of Karnal, Muhammad Shah:
A. Escaped to Kabul
B. Allied with Marathas
C. Surrendered to Nadir Shah
D. Executed Saadat Khan

115. Following surrender, Muhammad Shah had to take Nadir Shah to:
A. Lahore
B. Agra
C. Delhi
D. Awadh

116. During the sack of Delhi, Persian soldiers engaged in:
A. Peace negotiations
B. Revenue reforms
C. Massacre and looting
D. Religious ceremonies

117. Nadir Shah ordered the massacre in Delhi to stop after:
A. One day
B. Two days
C. Several days
D. One month

118. Nadir Shah left Delhi in:
A. January 1739 CE
B. March 1739 CE
C. May 1739 CE
D. December 1739 CE

119. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- II, B- I, C- III, D- IV
B. A- I, B- III, C- IV, D- II
C. A- III, B- IV, C- II, D- I
D. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III

120. Assertion (A): Nadir Shah permanently dethroned Muhammad Shah.
Reason (R): Muhammad Shah was retained as emperor after the invasion.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

121. Muhammad Shah had to cede territories located:
A. East of Ganga
B. South of Vindhyas
C. West of the river Indus
D. North of Kashmir

122. Nadir Shah carried away the famous:
A. Takht-i-Taus only
B. Kohinoor only
C. Kohinoor and Peacock Throne
D. Timur Ruby only

123. Nadir Shah’s invasion caused an irreparable loss of Mughal:
A. Trade monopoly
B. Agricultural prosperity
C. Prestige
D. Religious authority

124. Which groups learned about Mughal weakness after Nadir Shah’s invasion?
A. Rajputs only
B. Sikhs only
C. Marathas only
D. Maratha Sardars and foreign trading companies

125. Ahmad Shah ruled from:
A. 1719–1748
B. 1748–1754
C. 1754–1759
D. 1759–1806

126. Ahmad Shah was the son of:
A. Farrukh Siyar
B. Bahadur Shah I
C. Muhammad Shah Rangeela
D. Alamgir II

127. Ahmad Shah’s mother was:
A. Nur Jahan
B. Lal Kanwar
C. Kudsiya Begum
D. Roshan Ara

128. Ahmad Shah Abdali repeatedly plundered:
A. Bengal
B. Gujarat
C. North-West Punjab region
D. Deccan

129. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

130. Assertion (A): Ahmad Shah was an effective and powerful Mughal emperor.
Reason (R): He has been described as incompetent and lacking leadership qualities.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

131. During Ahmad Shah’s reign, the Marathas captured:
A. Bengal and Bihar
B. Punjab and Kashmir
C. Malwa and Bundelkhand
D. Gujarat and Awadh

132. Ahmad Shah was blinded and imprisoned by:
A. Saadat Khan
B. Nizam-ul-Mulk
C. Imad-ul-Mulk
D. Ahmad Shah Abdali

133. Ahmad Shah was imprisoned at:
A. Red Fort
B. Agra Fort
C. Lahore Fort
D. Salimgarh

134. Alamgir II was the:
A. Son of Ahmad Shah
B. Grandson of Aurangzeb
C. Second son of Jahandar Shah
D. Brother of Farrukh Siyar

135. Alamgir II ruled during:
A. 1748–1754
B. 1754–1759
C. 1759–1806
D. 1806–1837

136. Alamgir II was placed on the throne by:
A. Saiyyad brothers
B. Saadat Khan
C. Imad-ul-Mulk
D. Shah Alam II

137. During Alamgir II’s reign, repeated invasions occurred by:
A. Nadir Shah
B. British सेना
C. Ahmad Shah Abdali
D. Marathas

138. The Battle of Plassey (1757 CE) was fought during the reign of:
A. Ahmad Shah
B. Alamgir II
C. Shah Alam II
D. Akbar II

139. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- I, C- IV, D- III
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- III, C- II, D- I

140. Assertion (A): Alamgir II enjoyed complete independence in administration.
Reason (R): He was dominated by Imad-ul-Mulk.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

141. Alamgir II was murdered by:
A. Ahmad Shah Abdali
B. Shah Alam II
C. Imad-ul-Mulk
D. British East India Company

142. Shah Alam II was also known as:
A. Roshan Akhtar
B. Bahadur Shah Zafar
C. Ali Gauhar
D. Shah Jahan II

143. Shah Alam II ruled from:
A. 1754–1759
B. 1759–1806
C. 1806–1837
D. 1837–1858

144. During Shah Alam II’s reign, Mughal power became so weak that a Persian saying described his kingdom as extending:
A. From Delhi to Agra
B. From Delhi to Lahore
C. From Delhi to Palam
D. From Delhi to Awadh

145. “Sultanat-e-Shah Alam, Az Dili ta Palam” means:
A. Empire from Delhi to Lahore
B. Kingdom from Delhi to Palam
C. Empire from Agra to Bengal
D. Rule from Delhi to Kabul

146. Shah Alam II fled to:
A. Bengal
B. Punjab
C. Gujarat
D. Awadh

147. Shah Alam II remained away from Delhi during:
A. 1757–1760 CE
B. 1761–1764 CE
C. 1765–1770 CE
D. 1772–1775 CE

148. Shah Alam II returned to Delhi with the support of:
A. British East India Company
B. Rajputs
C. Sikhs
D. Marathas

149. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

150. Assertion (A): Shah Alam II exercised extensive territorial authority.
Reason (R): His kingdom was metaphorically described as extending only from Delhi to Palam.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

151. The Third Battle of Panipat (1761 CE) was fought between:
A. British and Mughals
B. Sikhs and Rajputs
C. Marathas and Ahmad Shah Abdali
D. Mughals and Persians

152. The Battle of Buxar was fought in:
A. 1757 CE
B. 1761 CE
C. 1764 CE
D. 1765 CE

153. The Battle of Buxar was fought under the command of the British East India Company led by:
A. Robert Clive
B. Warren Hastings
C. Cornwallis
D. Hector Munro

154. Which Nawab of Bengal fought alongside Shah Alam II in the Battle of Buxar?
A. Siraj-ud-Daulah
B. Alivardi Khan
C. Mir Qasim
D. Murshid Quli Khan

155. The Nawab of Awadh in the Battle of Buxar was:
A. Saadat Khan
B. Shuja-ud-Daula
C. Safdar Jang
D. Asaf-ud-Daula

156. The Battle of Buxar ended with the:
A. Treaty of Purandar
B. Treaty of Salbai
C. Treaty of Allahabad
D. Treaty of Lahore

157. The Treaty of Allahabad was signed in:
A. 1761 CE
B. 1764 CE
C. 1765 CE
D. 1772 CE

158. Under the Treaty of Allahabad, Diwani rights were granted to:
A. Marathas
B. Nawab of Awadh
C. Mughal Emperor
D. British East India Company

159. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- I, C- II, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III

160. Assertion (A): Shah Alam II became politically dependent after Buxar.
Reason (R): He accepted British control through the Treaty of Allahabad.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

161. Shah Alam II became the first Mughal emperor to become a:
A. Maratha dependent
B. Persian ally
C. East India Company pensioner
D. Sikh protectorate ruler

162. The British referred to Shah Alam II as:
A. Emperor of Hindustan
B. Mughal sovereign
C. Badshah-e-Hind
D. King of Delhi

163. British coins continued to bear Shah Alam II’s name for approximately:
A. 10 years
B. 20 years
C. 30 years after his death
D. 50 years after his death

164. Akbar II ruled during:
A. 1759–1806
B. 1806–1837
C. 1837–1858
D. 1858–1885

165. Akbar II was the:
A. Son of Bahadur Shah II
B. Brother of Shah Alam II
C. Second son of Shah Alam II
D. Son of Alamgir II

166. Akbar II sent whom as ambassador to Britain?
A. Dadabhai Naoroji
B. Syed Ahmad Khan
C. Raja Ram Mohan Roy
D. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar

167. Akbar II conferred the title “Raja” upon:
A. Swami Vivekananda
B. Ram Mohan Roy
C. Dayanand Saraswati
D. Rammohan Dutt

168. During Akbar II’s reign, the East India Company stopped issuing coins in the Mughal emperor’s name in:
A. 1806
B. 1818
C. 1829
D. 1835

169. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

170. Assertion (A): Akbar II retained strong political authority over India.
Reason (R): The East India Company increasingly ignored Mughal sovereignty.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

171. Akbar II is credited with introducing:
A. Mughal military reforms
B. Persian trade policy
C. Phool Walon Ki Sair festival
D. Urdu printing press

172. Bahadur Shah II was popularly known by the pen name:
A. Rangeela
B. Alamgir
C. Fakir
D. Zafar

173. Bahadur Shah II ruled during:
A. 1806–1837
B. 1837–1858
C. 1857–1885
D. 1840–1857

174. Bahadur Shah II was the:
A. Son of Shah Alam II
B. Brother of Akbar II
C. Son of Akbar II
D. Grandson of Alamgir II

175. Bahadur Shah II was known more as a:
A. Military commander
B. Diplomat
C. Poet, musician, and calligrapher
D. Naval reformer

176. During most of his reign, Bahadur Shah II functioned mainly as:
A. Independent emperor
B. Maratha ruler
C. Client of the British
D. Sikh ally

177. Bahadur Shah II became the nominal leader of:
A. Battle of Plassey
B. Maratha revolt
C. Sikh rebellion
D. Revolt of 1857

178. After the Revolt of 1857, Bahadur Shah II was exiled to:
A. Sri Lanka
B. Afghanistan
C. Burma (Myanmar)
D. Nepal

179. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

180. Assertion (A): Bahadur Shah II possessed strong political power during his reign.
Reason (R): He remained largely dependent on the British.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

181. The decline of Mughal authority became visible mainly because of:
A. Expansion of empire
B. Religious harmony
C. Rise of regional kingdoms and weak emperors
D. Strong central administration

182. The term “Later Mughals” generally refers to the period after:
A. Akbar’s death
B. Shah Jahan’s accession
C. Battle of Plassey
D. Aurangzeb’s death in 1707 CE

183. Which Mughal emperor is often regarded as the first puppet ruler?
A. Farrukh Siyar
B. Muhammad Shah
C. Jahandar Shah
D. Alamgir II

184. The title “Kingmakers” in Mughal politics is associated with:
A. Nizam-ul-Mulk and Saadat Khan
B. Saiyyad Brothers
C. Maratha Sardars
D. Rajput nobles

185. The weakening of Mughal power allowed the rise of independent states such as:
A. Mysore and Travancore only
B. Awadh, Hyderabad, and Bengal
C. Gujarat and Sindh only
D. Kashmir and Kabul only

186. Which Mughal emperor neglected administration and indulged in court intrigues?
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Muhammad Shah Rangeela
D. Ahmad Shah

187. Nadir Shah’s invasion exposed Mughal weakness to:
A. Rajputs only
B. Sikhs only
C. Marathas and foreign trading companies
D. Portuguese only

188. Which Mughal emperor was blinded and imprisoned by his own wazir?
A. Alamgir II
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Ahmad Shah
D. Shah Alam II

189. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- I, C- II, D- IV
D. A- IV, B- II, C- I, D- III

190. Assertion (A): The Mughal emperor retained strong control over nobles during the Later Mughal period.
Reason (R): Nobles increasingly became kingmakers and exercised real power.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true, but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false, but R is true

191. Which emperor granted customs exemptions to the East India Company in Bengal?
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Jahandar Shah
C. Farrukh Siyar
D. Alamgir II

192. Banda Bahadur was executed during the reign of:
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Jahandar Shah
C. Farrukh Siyar
D. Muhammad Shah

193. The state of Hyderabad emerged under:
A. Saadat Khan
B. Murshid Quli Khan
C. Nizam-ul-Mulk
D. Imad-ul-Mulk

194. The ruler of Awadh who emerged during Muhammad Shah’s reign was:
A. Shuja-ud-Daula
B. Safdar Jang
C. Saadat Khan
D. Mir Qasim

195. Murshid Quli Khan established authority over:
A. Punjab and Sindh
B. Gujarat and Malwa
C. Bengal, Bihar, and Orissa
D. Awadh and Rohilkhand

196. Shah Alam II became an East India Company pensioner after:
A. Battle of Plassey
B. Third Battle of Panipat
C. Treaty of Allahabad (1765)
D. Revolt of 1857

197. During Akbar II’s reign, the East India Company stopped recognizing itself as:
A. British Crown authority
B. Mughal military ally
C. Subject of the Mughal emperor
D. Bengal tax collector

198. Bahadur Shah II was more renowned for his:
A. Military victories
B. Naval achievements
C. Poetry and cultural interests
D. Revenue reforms

199. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

200. Assertion (A): Regional states strengthened as Mughal central authority declined.
Reason (R): Weak emperors and noble factionalism reduced imperial control.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true

201. The Third Battle of Panipat was fought during the reign of:
A. Alamgir II
B. Ahmad Shah
C. Shah Alam II
D. Akbar II

202. Which Mughal emperor was called “Rangeela”?
A. Bahadur Shah I
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Muhammad Shah
D. Jahandar Shah

203. The Peacock Throne was taken away by:
A. Ahmad Shah Abdali
B. Timur
C. Nadir Shah
D. British East India Company

204. Which emperor granted the title “Raja” to Ram Mohan Roy?
A. Shah Alam II
B. Bahadur Shah II
C. Akbar II
D. Alamgir II

205. The Battle of Plassey (1757) enabled the British to seize control over:
A. Awadh
B. Punjab
C. Deccan
D. Bengal

206. Bahadur Shah II became the symbolic leader of which uprising?
A. Santhal Rebellion
B. Wahabi Revolt
C. Revolt of 1857
D. Indigo Revolt

207. Which emperor had the title Shah-i-Bekhabar?
A. Jahandar Shah
B. Farrukh Siyar
C. Bahadur Shah I
D. Muhammad Shah

208. The famous Persian saying about limited Mughal authority referred to:
A. Akbar II
B. Alamgir II
C. Shah Alam II
D. Bahadur Shah II

209. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer.

A. A- I, B- II, C- III, D- IV
B. A- II, B- III, C- IV, D- I
C. A- III, B- IV, C- I, D- II
D. A- IV, B- I, C- II, D- III

210. Assertion (A): The decline of the Mughal Empire was gradual and accelerated after Aurangzeb’s death.
Reason (R): Weak rulers, noble factionalism, invasions, regional states, and British expansion collectively undermined imperial authority.

A. Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true, but R is false
D. A is false, but R is true