• The English East India Company was a private enterprise, which gave it a lot of initiative and vigor.
• It was a prosperous company, carrying on a significant amount of trade.
• The Company’s officers were dedicated to their roles, and the Englishmen had optimistic prospects for the future.
• In contrast, the French East India Company was more an offspring of State patronage than a product of spontaneous mercantile activity.
• The French Company had too much Government control, which hindered the initiative of its officials.
• The volume of trade carried out by the French was low, making the company poor.
• The only significant settlement of the French was Pondicherry, while Chandranagar was not useful and there was no comparison to Bombay.
• The English Company had a brilliant record of progress and growth, making the people of England proud of it.
• The French Company failed to capture the imagination of the French and struggled in its race for supremacy against the English.
• Despite the resourcefulness of Dupleix, the situation of the French Company did not improve.

• According to Ramkrishna Mukherjee, the Anglo-French rivalry was more virulent than the Anglo-Portuguese or Anglo-Dutch rivalries.
• In the first half of the seventeenth century, the Portuguese and the English fought seriously over India, but the Mughal Power was strong enough to resist foreign aggression.
• During this period, rival merchant powers could only snipe at each other’s trading advantages while maintaining the facade of being ‘peaceful traders’ to the Mughal Emperor and his vassals, pleasing them with flattery and presents.
• Even in later years, when the Mughal Empire started to disintegrate in the eighteenth century, it remained strong enough to punish any foreign aggression.
• The Anglo-Dutch rivalry reached its climax in the second half of the seventeenth century but could not be fully open, although it was more virulent than the Anglo-Portuguese rivalry.
• The Anglo-French rivalry became prominent after the fourth decade of the eighteenth century, when the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb died in 1707, and the Mughal Empire began to disintegrate.
• With the disintegration of the Mughal Empire, a serious contest for control over India unfolded, aiming to control the supreme trading advantages of one company at the expense of others.
• This contest could not have occurred in the previous phase when the European merchant bourgeoisie was focused on commercial enterprises in India.
• The Portuguese and the Dutch could not take advantage of this situation as their powers were already broken.
• The English Company found itself without a serious rival in India except for the French.
• The fight between the English and the French after the fourth decade of the eighteenth century was very open, with the ultimate objective being the dominance of merchant capital in India.