CH13. THEORIES OF EMOTION

1. Which of the following theories emphasizes that emotions are a result of physiological arousal and subsequent labeling of that arousal?

A. James-Lange Theory

B. Cannon-Bard Theory

C. Schachter-Singer Theory

D. Cognitive Appraisal Theory

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Schachter-Singer Theory, also known as the two-factor theory of emotion, posits that emotions arise from a combination of physiological arousal and the cognitive labeling of that arousal based on situational context. 

2. According to the Cannon-Bard Theory of emotion, which of the following is true?

A. Physiological arousal precedes emotion

B. Emotion and physiological arousal occur simultaneously

C. Emotion occurs before physiological changes

D. There is no relationship between arousal and emotion

Answer: B

Explanation:

The Cannon-Bard Theory states that emotional experiences and physiological responses occur at the same time and independently, as both are triggered simultaneously by the brain in response to a stimulus.

3. The James-Lange theory of emotion asserts that:

A. Cognitive labeling determines the emotional experience

B. Physiological arousal follows emotional experience

C. Emotions result from physiological reactions

D. Emotion is independent of physiological responses

Answer: C

Explanation:

The James-Lange theory asserts that emotions arise from the interpretation of physiological reactions to stimuli. For example, you feel fear because you notice your body trembling.

4. Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory of emotion suggests that emotion is determined by:

A. Only physiological arousal

B. Physiological arousal and cognitive labeling

C. Cognitive labeling only

D. Physiological arousal and unconscious processes

Answer: B

Explanation:

Schachter and Singer’s two-factor theory states that emotion arises when physiological arousal is interpreted through a cognitive label based on the context, leading to the experience of a specific emotion.