1. Which philosophical assumption is directly challenged by the Gettier problem?
A. Knowledge requires belief
B. Knowledge requires justification
C. Knowledge requires truth
D. Justified true belief is sufficient for knowledge
Answer: D

2. The Gettier problem primarily exposes the role of which factor in epistemology?
A. Error
B. Probability
C. Epistemic luck
D. Convention
Answer: C

3. Which philosopher formally introduced the Gettier problem in 1963?
A. Alvin Goldman
B. Edmund Gettier
C. Roderick Chisholm
D. Bertrand Russell
Answer: B

4. Which classical account of knowledge was directly undermined by Gettier’s paper?
A. Coherence theory
B. Reliabilism
C. Justified True Belief
D. Pragmatism
Answer: C

5. A Gettier case is best described as a situation where a belief is:
A. True but unjustified
B. Justified but false
C. Justified, true, but accidentally so
D. False due to poor evidence
Answer: C

6. Which condition of the JTB account remains intact in all Gettier cases?
A. Justification
B. Belief
C. Truth
D. All three
Answer: D

7. The key logical principle used by Gettier to generate his cases is:
A. Modus tollens
B. Closure under entailment
C. Law of excluded middle
D. Principle of sufficient reason
Answer: B

8. In Gettier’s Case I, Smith’s belief fails to be knowledge primarily because:
A. The belief is false
B. The belief lacks justification
C. The truth is due to coincidence
D. Smith lacks awareness
Answer: C

9. The ‘ten coins’ example shows that justification may depend on:
A. Reliable perception
B. Testimony
C. False assumptions
D. Deductive certainty
Answer: C

10. Which rule allows Smith to infer “The man who will get the job has ten coins”?
A. Modus ponens
B. Disjunction elimination
C. Existential generalization
D. Deductive closure
Answer: D