Learning Process in Psychology – UGC NET – Solved PYQs

Included Topics: Learning Process: Fundamental theories: Thorndike, Guthrie, HuLL Classical Conditioning: Procedure, phenomena and related issues Instrumental Learning: Phenomena, Paradigms and theoretical issues; Reinforcement: Basic variables and schedules; Behaviour modification and its applications

Cognitive approaches in Learning: Latent Learning, observational Learning. Verbal Learning and Discrimination Learning Recent trends in Learning: Neurophysiology of learning

1. Organising items into familiar, manageable units, often automatically, is termed [DEC 2014]

(1) Priming
(2) Chunking
(3) Shaping
(4) Encoding

2. A form of conditioning in which the onset of the Conditioned Stimulus (CS) precedes the onset of the Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS) and the presentation of CS and UCS does not overlap is termed as [DEC 2014]

(1) Backward conditioning
(2) Delayed conditioning
(3) Trace conditioning
(4) Simultaneous conditioning

3. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer by choosing from the codes given below: [DEC 2014]

(1) A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II
(2) A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III
(3) A-II, B-I, C-III, D-IV
(4) A-I, B-IV, C-II, D-III

4. Read each of the following two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below: [DEC 2014]

Assertion (A): Shaping and chaining can be used to establish any form of behaviour in any organism.

Reason (R): ‘Instinctive drift’ is a tendency to return to the type of behaviour the organism displays under natural conditions.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true

5. Read the following two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Indicate your answer using the codes given below: [DEC 2014]

Assertion (A): Operant conditioning emphasised the study of overt, observable behaviour, environmental conditions and the processes which determine behaviour.

Reason (R): Operant conditioning deals with the function of behaviour rather than the structure of personality. It is deterministic theory in which there is no free will.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is true, but R is false
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true

6. Salient features of classical conditioning are [DEC 2014]

I. Responses are voluntary.
II. Based on principle of association by contiguity.
III. Antecedent stimuli are important in forming association.
IV. Goal is to increase the rate of an already occurring response.
V. Goal is to create a new response to stimulus.

Codes:

(1) II, III and V
(2) I, III and IV
(3) II, III, IV and V
(4) I, III, IV and V

7. In which part of the brain does classical conditioning take place? [DEC 2014]

(1) Reticular formation
(2) Amygdala
(3) Cerebellum
(4) Hypothalamus

8. Read each of the following two statements, Assertion (A) and Reason (R) and indicate your answer using the codes given below: [DEC 2014]

Assertion (A): Conditioning fails to occur when unconditioned stimulus and conditioned stimulus are paired in a random order.

Reason (R): Cognitive processes involving expectation play an important role in classical conditioning.

(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A)
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A)
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true

9. Partial reinforcement is considered better than continuous reinforcement because [JUNE 2015]

(1) the learning occurs rapidly
(2) the learning occurs slowly
(3) the extinction occurs rapidly
(4) the extinction occurs slowly

10. Self-modelling means [JUNE 2015]

(1) a type of learning in which individuals watch themselves behaving in a situationally appropriate manner and then show the same behaviours later on
(2) type of learning in which individuals learn new behaviour
(3) type of learning in which individuals learn to develop self-beliefs
(4) type of learning in which individuals learn through guided-participation from significant others

11. Match List I and List II and indicate your correct choice among the codes given below: [JUNE 2015]

(1) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
(2) A-I, B-III, C-II, D-IV
(3) A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I
(4) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV

12. Sometimes old information facilitates our learning of new information. The phenomenon is known as [JUNE 2015]

(1) consolidation effect
(2) transfer effect
(3) proactive interference
(4) excitatory effect

13. The rate of responding is found to be higher in the condition of [JUNE 2015]

(1) variable internal schedule of reinforcement
(2) fixed-ratio schedule of reinforcement
(3) variable-ratio schedule of reinforcement
(4) Both (2) and (3)

14. Which of the following is an application of operant conditioning? [JUNE 2015]

(1) Aversive conditioning
(2) Behaviour modification
(3) Systematic desensitisation
(4) Transfer of learning

15. Suppose Merry wants to know if she can learn Spanish by playing some language tapes while she sleeps. Her question concerns the general topic of and according to the text, the answer would most likely be [JUNE 2015]

(1) subliminal perception, may be
(2) signal detection, no
(3) subliminal perception, no
(4) signal detection, may be