TOPIC INFO (UGC NET)
TOPIC INFO – UGC NET (History)
SUB-TOPIC INFO – History (UNIT 9)
CONTENT TYPE – Short Notes
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1. Development of Education Under Five-Year Plans
2. Commissions and Reforms
2.1. University Education Commission (1948)
2.2. Mudaliar Commission (1952-53)
2.3. Kothari Commission (1964-66)
3. Indian Education Policies
3.1. National Education Policy (1968)
3.2. National Policy on Education (1986)
3.3. Operation Blackboard (1987)
3.4. Teacher Education Scheme (1987)
3.5. District Primary Education Program (1994)
3.6. Mid-Day Meal Scheme (1995)
3.7. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (2001)
3.8. 86th Constitutional Amendment Act (2002)
3.9. Right to Education Act (2009)
3.10. National Education Policy (2020)
4. Related Policies on Education
5. Important Educational Organizations
5.1. All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE)
5.2. University Grants Commission (UGC)
5.3. National Council of Education Research and Training (NCERT)
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New Education Policy
UGC NET HISTORY (UNIT 9)
After the Independence of India in 1947, the government established different education commissions to address the educational challenges and recommended comprehensive policies to improve the education system in India.
Development of Education Under Five-Year Plans
In 1950, the Indian government appointed the Planning Commission to prepare Five-Year Plans for the development of different aspects of life, including education. The main objectives of these plans were:
- to eradicate illiteracy,
- to achieve universal elementary education,
- to establish vocational and skill training programs,
- to upgrade standards and modernise all stages of education,
- to provide facilities for high-quality education in every district of the country.
Commissions and Reforms
In 1948, the Central Advisory Board of India decided to set up two commissions, one to deal with university education and the other for secondary education.
- University Education Commission.
- Mudaliar Commission.
University Education Commission (1948)
The University Education Commission was the first and foremost commission to be appointed in Independent India under the chairmanship of Dr S. Radhakrishnan. It was established to:
- report on the status of university education in India,
- propose improvements and extensions that would be desirable to suit the then and future requirements of the country,
The commission also aimed to set up universities that would provide the knowledge and wisdom for the inclusive development of the student’s personality. The report suggested the reconstruction of the education system in tune with the vision of the Constitution of India.