A political party is a group of people that organise themselves around a definite agenda and attempt to acquire government power through constitutional methods in order to put that policy into practice. The fight for power in the current democratic era is transparent and not hidden. As a result, political parties now have a unique relevance. Political parties prepare voters for elections, disseminate political information, compete in elections, and elect legislators.

Party system in India

• Political parties are voluntary associations or organised groups of persons that hold similar political beliefs, seek political power through constitutional methods, and wish to fight for the advancement of national interests.
• In modern democratic states, there are four types of political parties:
• Reactionary parties that cling to old socioeconomic and political institutions;
• Conservative parties that believe in the status quo;
• Liberal parties that seek to reform existing institutions;
• Radical parties that seek to establish a new order by overthrowing existing institutions.
• Political scientists have classified political parties based on ideology by placing radical parties on the left, liberal parties in the centre, and reactionary and conservative parties on the right.
• In other terms, they are divided into three groups: leftist parties, centrist parties, and rightist parties.
• There are three types of party systems in the world:
• One-party systems in which only one ruling party exists and no opposition is permitted. Example: USSR, East European countries
• Two-party systems in which two major parties exist. Example: United States and the United Kingdom.
• Multi-party systems in which a number of political parties exist, leading to the formation of coalition governments. Example: France, Switzerland and Italy.