SOLVED PYQs UGC NET (PSYCHOLOGY)
Psychological Thought in Western Systems
UGC NET PSYCHOLOGY
Emergence of Psychology (UNIT 1)
Topics Included: Western: Greek heritage, medieval period and modern period. Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalytical, Behaviorism, Gestalt, Humanistic Existential, Transpersonal, Cognitive revolution, Multiculturalism. Four founding paths of academic psychology Wundt, Freud, James, Dilthey. Issues: Crisis in psychology due to strict adherence to experimental analytical paradigm (Logical empiricism). Indic influences on modern psychology.
1. Given below are two statements, one labelled as Assertion (A) and the other labelled as Reason (R). Read the statements and choose the correct answer using the codes given below. [DEC 2018]
Assertion (A): The information processing approach is rooted in structuralism.
Reason (R): It attempts to identify the basic capacities and processes that one uses in cognition.
Codes:
(1) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
(2) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
(3) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
(4) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
2. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below. [DEC 2018]
| List I (Books) | List II (Authors) |
|---|---|
| A. The Analysis of the Self | I. Maslow |
| B. Motivation and Personality | II. Kohut |
| C. Freedom to Learn | III. Rollo May |
| D. Man’s Search For Himself | IV. Rogers |
Codes:
(1) A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV
(2) A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
(3) A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
(4) A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
3. The three psychologists who illustrated the diversity of approaches to functional psychology at Columbia were [DEC 2019]
(1) Harvey Carr, James Mckeen Cattell and EL Thorndike
(2) James Angell, Harvey Carr and James Mckeen Cattell
(3) EL. Thorndike, RS Woodworth and James Angell
(4) James Mckeen Cattell, EL. Thorndike and RS Woodworth
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) | (3) | (4) | (3) | (3) | (3) | (1) | (2) | (3) | (3) |
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
| (4) | (4) | (2) | (4) | (3) | (3) | (4) | (1) | (3) | (1) |
| 21 | |||||||||
| (3) |
1. Correct Answer Is (1): The information processing approach traces back to structuralism, which aimed to analyze mental processes by breaking them into basic components. This approach seeks to identify fundamental capacities and cognitive processes involved in thinking and learning. Thus, both statements are true, and the reason accurately explains the assertion, linking the approach’s roots to its focus on basic cognitive functions.
2. Correct Answer is (3):- A-II, B-I, C-IV, D-III
A-II: The Analysis of the Self is a seminal work by Heinz Kohut, foundational to self psychology.
B-I: Motivation and Personality was authored by Abraham Maslow, outlining his hierarchy of needs and humanistic psychology principles.
C-IV: Freedom to Learn is a key text by Carl Rogers, emphasizing student-centered education and self-directed learning.
D-III: Man’s Search for Himself was written by Rollo May, exploring existential psychology and the quest for identity.
3. Correct Answer is (4):- At Columbia University, functional psychology was notably diverse thanks to three key figures. James McKeen Cattell focused on individual differences and mental testing. E.L. Thorndike applied functionalist ideas to animal learning and educational psychology, studying how organisms adapt. R.S. Woodworth further expanded the field with his “dynamic psychology,” emphasizing motivation and the study of human and animal behavior in real-world contexts. Together, their varied research interests demonstrated the broad scope of functionalism at Columbia.