1. Basic Logical Concepts 2. Analyzing Arguments 3. Language and Definitions 4. Fallacies 5. Categorical Propositions 6. Categorical Syllogisms 7. Syllogisms in Ordinary Language 8. Symbolic Logic 9. Methods of Deduction 10. Quantification Theory 11. Analogical Reasoning 12. Causal Reasoning 13. Science and Hypothesis 14. Probability