Kingdoms in North India – UGC NET History – Practice Questions

Gurjara-Pratiharas

1. Who among the following is regarded as the true founder of the fame of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Nagabhata I
D. Mahendrapala I

2. The Gurjara-Pratiharas mainly ruled over which region of India?
A. Eastern and Southern India
B. Western and Northern India
C. Central and Eastern India
D. Southern and Western India

3. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty successfully resisted Arab invasions from Sindh?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Mahipala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Nagabhata I

4. The term ‘Pratihara’ literally means:
A. Conqueror
B. Warrior
C. Doorkeeper
D. Landlord

5. According to tradition, the Gurjara-Pratiharas traced their lineage to which figure of the Ramayana?
A. Bharata
B. Hanuman
C. Rama
D. Lakshmana

6. Which inscription provides important details about the early history of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty?
A. Allahabad Pillar Inscription
B. Junagadh Inscription
C. Gwalior Inscription
D. Hathigumpha Inscription

7. The political vacuum after the death of Harshavardhana in 647 CE led to the rise of which three major powers?
A. Cholas, Pallavas, Rashtrakutas
B. Pratiharas, Palas, Rashtrakutas
C. Satavahanas, Cholas, Palas
D. Guptas, Cholas, Rashtrakutas

8. Which dynasty ruled Kanyakubja (Kannauj) before the rise of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Maukhari Dynasty
B. Gupta Dynasty
C. Ayudha Dynasty
D. Vardhana Dynasty

9. The Gurjara-Pratihara kingdom was referred to by Arab writers as:
A. Al-Hind
B. Al-Sind
C. Al-Juzr (Al-Jurz)
D. Al-Khorasan

10. Which Arab traveler visited India during the 9th century and praised the Pratihara rulers?
A. Ibn Battuta
B. Al-Biruni
C. Sulaiman
D. Marco Polo

11. Al-Masudi visited Gujarat during which period?
A. 850–851 CE
B. 915–916 CE
C. 980–981 CE
D. 1018–1019 CE

12. Which Pratihara ruler restored the declining fortunes of the dynasty in the 9th century?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Vatsaraja
D. Mihir Bhoja

13. Mihir Bhoja assumed which title as a devotee of Vishnu?
A. Paramamaheshvara
B. Chakravartin
C. Adivaraha
D. Vikramaditya

14. The capital of the Gurjara-Pratihara Empire under Mihir Bhoja was:
A. Ujjain
B. Bhinmal
C. Gwalior
D. Kannauj

15. Which Rashtrakuta ruler defeated Vatsaraja?
A. Krishna II
B. Govinda III
C. Dhruva Dharavarsha
D. Indra III

16. Who succeeded Vatsaraja as the ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty?
A. Mahendrapala I
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Ramabhadra
D. Nagabhata II

17. The Tripartite Struggle was mainly fought over control of:
A. Gujarat
B. Malwa
C. Bengal
D. Kannauj

18. Which ruler first conquered Kannauj and made it the imperial center of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Mahipala I

19. Which Rashtrakuta ruler defeated Nagabhata II?
A. Krishna III
B. Dhruva Dharavarsha
C. Govinda III
D. Indra III

20. Mihir Bhoja succeeded which ruler?
A. Mahendrapala I
B. Vatsaraja
C. Ramabhadra
D. Nagabhata II

21. Which Arab chronicler referred to Mihir Bhoja as the ruler possessing the best cavalry in India?
A. Al-Biruni
B. Sulaiman
C. Ibn Battuta
D. Hasan Nizami

22. Mahendrapala I was the son of:
A. Nagabhata II
B. Vatsaraja
C. Mahipala I
D. Mihir Bhoja I

23. During Mahendrapala I’s reign, the Pratihara Empire extended from:
A. Himalayas to Krishna River
B. Himalayas to Vindhyas
C. Vindhyas to Kanyakumari
D. Punjab to Deccan

24. Which eminent Sanskrit scholar adorned the court of Mahendrapala I?
A. Kalidasa
B. Banabhatta
C. Bharavi
D. Rajashekhara

25. Which of the following works was written by Rajashekhara?
A. Harshacharita
B. Mudrarakshasa
C. Karpuramanjari
D. Rajatarangini

26. Mahipala I succeeded whom on the throne?
A. Mahendrapala II
B. Bhoja II
C. Vijayapala
D. Rajyapala

27. Which Rashtrakuta ruler devastated Kannauj during Mahipala I’s reign?
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna II
C. Indra III
D. Dhruva

28. Rajyapala fled Kannauj during the invasion of:
A. Muhammad Ghori
B. Timur
C. Mahmud of Ghazni
D. Muhammad bin Qasim

29. Who killed Rajyapala for failing to resist Mahmud of Ghazni?
A. Mahipala I
B. Vidyadhara Chandela
C. Bhoja Paramara
D. Trilochanapala

30. Who was the last ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty?
A. Rajyapala
B. Vijayapala
C. Trilochanapala
D. Yashpala (Jasapala)

31. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara rulers and achievements:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

32. Match List I with List II regarding Arab travelers:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
D. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

33. Assertion (A): The Tripartite Struggle was fought among the Palas, Rashtrakutas, and Pratiharas.
Reason (R): Kannauj symbolized sovereignty over northern India.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

34. Assertion (A): Mihir Bhoja adopted the title ‘Adivaraha’.
Reason (R): He was a devotee of Vishnu.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

35. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas successfully prevented Arab expansion into northern India.
Reason (R): Nagabhata I defeated Arab invaders from Sindh.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

36. Which Pratihara ruler defeated Chakrayudha and occupied Kannauj?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Vatsaraja
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

37. The Sanjan copper plate inscription is associated with which Rashtrakuta ruler?
A. Govinda III
B. Amoghavarsha
C. Krishna III
D. Indra III

38. Which city served as the earliest center of Nagabhata I’s rule?
A. Kannauj
B. Bhinmal
C. Ujjain
D. Mathura

39. The title ‘Ranahastin’ was assumed by:
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Vatsaraja
D. Mahipala I

40. Which dynasty ultimately succeeded the Gurjara-Pratiharas in Kannauj?
A. Paramaras
B. Chandelas
C. Rashtrakutas
D. Gahadavalas

41. Which Rashtrakuta ruler attacked and devastated Kannauj between 915–918 CE?
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna II
C. Indra III
D. Dhruva Dharavarsha

42. The Gurjara-Pratiharas were primarily instrumental in preventing Arab expansion beyond:
A. Ganga River
B. Yamuna River
C. Narmada River
D. Indus River

43. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty is regarded as one of the greatest political figures of 9th century India?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Rajyapala

44. The first phase of the Tripartite Struggle began around:
A. 650 CE
B. 710 CE
C. 790 CE
D. 910 CE

45. Which Pala ruler was defeated by Vatsaraja?
A. Gopala
B. Devapala
C. Mahipala
D. Dharmapala

46. Which Pratihara ruler fought against a Pala army of 50,000 elephants at Munger?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Mahendrapala I

47. The founder of the Imperial Gurjara-Pratihara line according to the Gwalior inscription was:
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahipala I
C. Nagabhata I
D. Vatsaraja

48. Which ruler succeeded Nagabhata II?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Ramabhadra
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Bhoja II

49. The Pratihara ruler known by the epithet ‘Baura’ in Arab accounts was:
A. Mahendrapala I
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahipala I

50. The conflict among the Palas, Pratiharas, and Rashtrakutas is famously known as:
A. Northern Campaign
B. Kannauj Revolt
C. Deccan Conflict
D. Tripartite Struggle

51. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratiharas annexed parts of Magadha and northern Bengal?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Mahipala I

52. Who among the following was the son of Queen Mahidevi?
A. Bhoja II
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mahipala I
D. Rajyapala

53. Which inscription confirms Mahendrapala I’s control over Gwalior?
A. Gwalior Inscription
B. Daulatpur Inscription
C. Rajatarangini
D. Siyadoni Inscription

54. Rajyapala was succeeded by:
A. Vijayapala
B. Trilochanapala
C. Mahipala II
D. Devapala

55. Which ruler was installed as a proxy ruler by Vidyadhara after Rajyapala’s death?
A. Bhoja II
B. Vijayapala
C. Trilochanapala
D. Mahendrapala II

56. The Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty ended with the death of:
A. Rajyapala
B. Trilochanapala
C. Bhoja II
D. Yashpala

57. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara rulers and their capitals/titles:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

58. Match List I with List II regarding literary works of Rajashekhara:

A. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
B. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
C. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
D. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

59. Assertion (A): Kannauj became the political center of North India under the Pratiharas.
Reason (R): Kannauj symbolized sovereignty over the Gangetic plains.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

60. Assertion (A): Mahendrapala I weakened the Pratihara Empire significantly.
Reason (R): He expanded the empire into Bengal and Magadha.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is false but R is true
D. A is true but R is false

61. Assertion (A): Rajyapala resisted Mahmud of Ghazni bravely at Kannauj.
Reason (R): Rajyapala fled when Mahmud invaded Kannauj in 1018 CE.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

62. The Rashtrakuta-Pratihara rivalry mainly centered around:
A. Kalinga and Odisha
B. Malwa and Gujarat
C. Punjab and Kashmir
D. Bengal and Bihar

63. Which Pratihara ruler re-conquered Bundelkhand?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Rajyapala

64. Which Arab traveler described the Pratihara Empire as having approximately 1,800,000 villages?
A. Ibn Battuta
B. Sulaiman
C. Al-Masudi
D. Al-Biruni

65. The court poet Rajashekhara flourished under which rulers?
A. Nagabhata I and Vatsaraja
B. Mahendrapala I and Mahipala I
C. Mihir Bhoja and Rajyapala
D. Nagabhata II and Bhoja II

66. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratiharas was defeated by Rashtrakuta king Govinda III?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahendrapala I

67. The title ‘Paramabhattaraka Maharajadhiraja Paramesvara’ was assumed by:
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata I
C. Nagabhata II
D. Trilochanapala

68. Which feudatory of Mihir Bhoja reasserted control over Rajputana?
A. Jayapala
B. Durlabhraj Chauhan
C. Bahuka
D. Devapala

69. The Pratapgarh inscription confirms Mihir Bhoja’s authority over:
A. Bengal
B. Punjab
C. Southern Rajputana
D. Kashmir

70. Which inscription mentions Mihir Bhoja forcing Harsha Gupta to accept his sovereignty?
A. Siyadoni Inscription
B. Gwalior Inscription
C. Chatsu Inscription
D. Junagadh Inscription

71. Match List I with List II regarding invasions and rulers:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
D. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3

72. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara literary personalities and works:

A. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
B. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

73. Assertion (A): Arab chroniclers admired the military strength of the Pratiharas.
Reason (R): The Pratiharas possessed one of the strongest cavalry forces in India.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

74. Assertion (A): The Rashtrakutas permanently controlled Kannauj after defeating Vatsaraja.
Reason (R): Dhruva returned to the south and failed to consolidate his gains.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

75. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas emerged victorious in the Tripartite Struggle.
Reason (R): They eventually established Kannauj as their capital.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

76. Which dynasty became a major rival of the Pratiharas in eastern India?
A. Cholas
B. Satavahanas
C. Palas
D. Paramaras

77. The Rashtrakutas belonged to which region of India?
A. Eastern India
B. Northern India
C. Deccan (Southern India)
D. North-East India

78. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty was also called ‘Mahendrayudha’?
A. Mahipala I
B. Bhoja II
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Rajyapala

79. Which Pratihara ruler was called ‘Uttarapatha Swami’?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahipala I

80. Which Pratihara ruler’s reign marked the beginning of dynastic decline after succession disputes?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Vatsaraja

81. Which Pratihara ruler was known as ‘Nirbhayanarendra’?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahipala I
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Rajyapala

82. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratiharas first significantly expanded the empire toward Bengal?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Vatsaraja
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahendrapala II

83. The defeat of the Arab invaders by Nagabhata I laid the foundation for:
A. Chola supremacy
B. Pala expansion
C. Rise of the Imperial Pratiharas
D. Decline of Rajput kingdoms

84. The ruler Chakrayudha of Kannauj was defeated by:
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

85. Which Rashtrakuta ruler invaded North India around 963 CE and weakened the Pratiharas?
A. Govinda III
B. Dhruva Dharavarsha
C. Indra III
D. Krishna III

86. The Gwalior inscription associates the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty with which epic hero?
A. Rama
B. Bharata
C. Lakshmana
D. Arjuna

87. Which ruler of the Pratihara dynasty issued coins bearing the title ‘Shri Rana Hasti’?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mahipala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Vatsaraja

88. Which of the following regions was reconquered by Mihir Bhoja during his reign?
A. Bengal
B. Kashmir
C. Bundelkhand
D. Kalinga

89. Which Pratihara ruler faced defeats initially from the Palas, Rashtrakutas, and Kalachuris but later recovered?
A. Mahendrapala I
B. Nagabhata I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Rajyapala

90. Which dynasty controlled Bengal during the Tripartite Struggle?
A. Cholas
B. Rashtrakutas
C. Gurjara-Pratiharas
D. Palas

91. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and successors:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
D. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

92. Match List I with List II regarding inscriptions:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

93. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratiharas traced their ancestry to Lakshmana.
Reason (R): Lakshmana served as the doorkeeper (Pratihara) of Rama.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

94. Assertion (A): The Rashtrakutas permanently retained control over North India after defeating the Pratiharas.
Reason (R): Their southern base made prolonged northern control difficult.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is false but R is true
C. A is true but R is false
D. Both A and R are false

95. Assertion (A): Rajyapala was praised for resisting Mahmud of Ghazni.
Reason (R): Rajyapala fled Kannauj during Mahmud’s invasion.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

96. Which Arab general’s invasions were resisted by Nagabhata I?
A. Muhammad bin Qasim
B. Al-Hajjaj
C. Junaid ibn Abd al-Rahman al-Murri
D. Mahmud Ghazni

97. The capital of the Pratiharas shifted permanently to Kannauj under:
A. Nagabhata I
B. Vatsaraja
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

98. Which Rashtrakuta ruler defeated both Dharmapala and Vatsaraja?
A. Krishna II
B. Govinda III
C. Dhruva Dharavarsha
D. Indra III

99. Which Pala ruler was contemporary to Mihir Bhoja?
A. Gopala
B. Devapala
C. Narayanapala
D. Mahipala

100. The Pratiharas retained Gujarat largely due to the need to control:
A. Himalayan trade routes
B. Silk Route
C. River transport only
D. South-western trade and seaborne commerce

101. Which ruler defeated Krishna II of the Rashtrakutas and occupied Malwa and Gujarat?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Rajyapala

102. Which region became the political heartland of the Pratihara Empire?
A. Kalinga
B. Bengal
C. Kannauj–Gangetic Doab
D. Tamil region

103. The title ‘Adivaraha’ appearing on coins symbolizes devotion to:
A. Shiva
B. Surya
C. Devi
D. Vishnu

104. Which Pratihara ruler was overthrown temporarily by Rashtrakuta king Indra III?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahipala I
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

105. Which ruler regained Kannauj after Indra III retired to the south?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mahipala I
D. Bhoja II

106. Match List I with List II regarding Arab accounts:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

107. Match List I with List II regarding dynasties and regions:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
D. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

108. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas were ultimately successful in the Tripartite Struggle.
Reason (R): They retained Kannauj as their imperial capital for a long duration.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

109. Assertion (A): Mahendrapala I was a patron of learning.
Reason (R): Rajashekhara flourished in his court.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

110. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratihara rulers supported Arab invasions into India.
Reason (R): Nagabhata I defeated Arab forces from Sindh.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

111. Which ruler’s reign is considered the zenith of Pratihara power?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Vatsaraja
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Rajyapala

112. Which inscription pillar of Mahendrapala was discovered in Dinajpur?
A. Allahabad Pillar
B. Junagadh Pillar
C. Mahendrapala Pillar Inscription
D. Bhitari Pillar

113. The term ‘Jurza’ in Arab records refers to:
A. Bengal
B. Sindh
C. Punjab
D. Gurjara territory

114. Which ruler of Kashmir briefly seized part of eastern Punjab from Mihir Bhoja?
A. Lalitaditya
B. Sankarvarman
C. Avantivarman
D. Yasaskara

115. Which Pratihara feudatory defeated Vishad and expelled the Hunas?
A. Jayapala
B. Balavarman
C. Durlabhraj
D. Bahuka

116. The Pratihara Empire lost sea access during whose reign?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mahipala I
D. Rajyapala

117. Which Rashtrakuta king’s campaign had little lasting impact because Mahipala revived Kannauj?
A. Govinda III
B. Dhruva Dharavarsha
C. Indra III
D. Krishna II

118. Which ruler was called ‘Mahisapaladeva’?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Nagabhata II

119. Which of the following best explains the decline of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Lack of military forces only
B. Religious intolerance only
C. Rashtrakuta invasions and rebellious feudatories
D. Mongol invasions

120. The final conquest of the weakened Pratihara kingdom was carried out by:
A. Palas
B. Rashtrakutas
C. Ghaznavid Turks
D. Cholas

121. Which religious sect was prominently followed by Mihir Bhoja?
A. Shaivism
B. Buddhism
C. Jainism
D. Vaishnavism

122. Which of the following sects flourished during the Gurjara-Pratihara period under Brahmanism?
A. Vaishnava
B. Shaiva
C. Sakta
D. All of the above

123. Which Pratihara ruler is specifically mentioned as a devotee of Shiva?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Vatsaraja
C. Nagabhata I
D. Rajyapala

124. Which Arab term was used for the Gurjara-Pratihara dominion?
A. Al-Hind
B. Al-Sind
C. Al-Jurz
D. Al-Qasim

125. During the Pratihara period, Buddhism was:
A. At its peak
B. Patronized by Mihir Bhoja
C. Expanding in western India
D. In decline

126. Jainism during the Pratihara period was mainly concentrated in:
A. Bengal and Bihar
B. Tamil Nadu and Kerala
C. Rajputana, Gujarat, and Deogarh
D. Punjab and Kashmir

127. On the occasion of Sankranti, which ruler donated a village to 6,000 Brahmanas after worshipping Shiva?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahipala I
C. Trilochanapala
D. Rajyapala

128. Which caste was referred to as ‘Vipra’ in inscriptions of the Pratihara period?
A. Kshatriyas
B. Vaishyas
C. Shudras
D. Brahmans

129. The Arab writer who referred to seven castes in India during the Pratihara period was:
A. Sulaiman
B. Al-Masudi
C. Ibn Khurdadbeh (Ibda Khurdadab)
D. Al-Biruni

130. According to Arab accounts, the ruling class ‘Savakufria’ was associated with:
A. Priests
B. Farmers
C. Kingship
D. Traders

131. Match List I with List II regarding religious sects and deities:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2

132. Match List I with List II regarding caste groups mentioned in Arab accounts:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
C. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
D. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3

133. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratihara rulers generally allowed people to follow different sects within Hinduism.
Reason (R): They adopted a broad policy of complete religious equality among all religions.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

134. Assertion (A): Buddhism flourished greatly under the Gurjara-Pratiharas.
Reason (R): The number of Buddhist adherents increased significantly during this period.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. Both A and R are false
D. A is false but R is true

135. Assertion (A): Mihir Bhoja issued coins bearing the title ‘Adivaraha’.
Reason (R): He considered himself an incarnation of Vishnu.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

136. In the administrative system of the Pratiharas, the king was assisted by:
A. Village councils only
B. Several officials and feudatories
C. Buddhist monks
D. Merchant guilds exclusively

137. The administrative division ‘Bhukti’ under the Pratiharas refers to:
A. Village
B. District
C. Province
D. Fort administration

138. Which administrative unit existed below the Bhukti?
A. Vishaya/Mandala
B. Grama
C. Panchayat
D. Mandala or Vishaya

139. What title was often assumed by Pratihara kings?
A. Devanampiya
B. Rajakesari
C. Maharajadhiraja
D. Gajapati

140. The Samantas under the Pratiharas were expected to:
A. Remain independent
B. Only collect taxes
C. Provide military assistance and tribute
D. Serve as temple priests

141. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara administration:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

142. Match List I with List II regarding city administration bodies:

A. All were urban administrative councils
B. Only A and B were councils
C. Only C and D were councils
D. None of the above

143. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas adopted several administrative ideas from the Gupta Empire and Harsha.
Reason (R): The Pratihara administrative system was entirely original.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

144. Assertion (A): Samantas played a significant military role in the Pratihara polity.
Reason (R): They supplied troops and military support to the king.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

145. Assertion (A): Villages under the Pratiharas had local administrative structures.
Reason (R): Mahattars managed village affairs.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

146. Who was the highest officer of the fort in Pratihara administration?
A. Baladhikrat
B. Dandanayaka
C. Kottapala
D. Tantrapala

147. The Tantrapala in Pratihara administration functioned as:
A. Police chief
B. Legal advisor
C. Army commander
D. King’s representative in Samanta states

148. Which officer served as the police chief?
A. Dandanayaka
B. Baladhikrat
C. Dandapashika
D. Kottapala

149. The Dandanayaka was responsible for:
A. Religious matters only
B. Trade and commerce
C. Military and justice administration
D. Village taxation only

150. Which officer delivered royal orders and grants?
A. Baladhikrat
B. Dutaka
C. Kottapala
D. Tantrapala

151. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara officials:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
C. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
D. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2

152. Match List I with List II regarding administrative officers:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4

153. Assertion (A): The Pratihara king was supreme in administration.
Reason (R): Kings controlled appointments, grants, and charities.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

154. Assertion (A): The Pratihara administration lacked local governance institutions.
Reason (R): Village elders called Mahattars existed in rural administration.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

155. Assertion (A): The office of Dandapashika dealt with policing.
Reason (R): Dandapashika was the chief military commander.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

156. Agriculture formed the backbone of the Pratihara economy because:
A. Trade was absent
B. Agricultural taxes were the main source of revenue
C. Gold mines existed in abundance
D. Foreign trade was prohibited

157. Which metal served as the dominant medium of exchange during the Gurjara-Pratihara period?
A. Gold
B. Silver
C. Bronze
D. Copper

158. Which of the following coin types are associated with the Pratiharas?
A. Nishka and Dinara
B. Vigrahapala Dramma and Adivaraha Dramma
C. Tanka and Jital
D. Suvarna and Karshapana

159. Which inscription records donations to temple deities between 902–967 CE?
A. Junagadh Inscription
B. Prayag Prashasti
C. Siyadoni Inscription
D. Hathigumpha Inscription

160. According to an epigraph from Bharatpur (905–906 CE), King Bhoja distributed coins known as:
A. Jitals
B. Tanka
C. Drammas
D. Dinars

161. The Gurjara-Pratihara economy primarily depended upon:
A. Maritime trade alone
B. Temple donations
C. Agriculture and land revenue
D. Mining activities

162. Standing armies on the frontiers of the Pratihara Empire were supplemented by:
A. Mercenary Turks
B. Temple guards
C. Feudal levies from subordinate rulers
D. Tribal militias only

163. The requirement of maintaining large standing armies in the Pratihara Empire implied the use of:
A. Barter system only
B. Gold coinage only
C. Regular monetary payments
D. Temple treasury exclusively

164. Which trade item was consistently in high demand during the Gurjara-Pratihara period according to Arab travellers?
A. Cotton textiles
B. Precious stones
C. Salt
D. Horses

165. Arab geographers mentioned the use of coins in the Pratihara dominions, indicating:
A. Absence of trade
B. Regular and widespread medium of exchange
C. Decline in economy
D. Complete barter economy

166. The Gurjara-Pratiharas did NOT possess significant coinage in which metal?
A. Copper
B. Silver
C. Bronze
D. Gold

167. Which of the following is considered a major contribution of the Pratiharas to medieval India?
A. Spread of Buddhism in South India
B. Protection of northern India from Arab invasions
C. Introduction of Persian culture
D. Establishment of Mughal rule

168. Which Pratihara ruler is credited with reorganizing and consolidating the empire after setbacks?
A. Rajyapala
B. Vatsaraja
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Trilochanapala

169. The Pratihara rulers were especially known for patronage of:
A. Persian architecture
B. Islamic calligraphy
C. Art, sculpture, and temple construction
D. Buddhist monasteries only

170. The city of Kannauj emerged during Pratihara rule as a major center of:
A. Maritime warfare
B. Art, culture, and commerce
C. Buddhist learning only
D. Textile exports only

171. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara economy and trade:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
C. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
D. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

172. Match List I with List II regarding literary works and authors:

A. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
B. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
C. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
D. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4

173. Assertion (A): Agriculture was central to the Gurjara-Pratihara economy.
Reason (R): Agricultural taxation formed the principal source of state revenue.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

174. Assertion (A): Gold coinage was abundant in the Pratihara dominions.
Reason (R): Copper served as the dominant medium of exchange.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

175. Assertion (A): Kannauj flourished culturally under the Pratiharas.
Reason (R): The city emerged as a center of art, culture, and commerce.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

176. Which Sanskrit poet-dramatist was associated with Mahendrapala and Mahipala?
A. Banabhatta
B. Kalidasa
C. Rajashekhara
D. Bilhana

177. Which work of Rajashekhara was written in Maharashtri Prakrit?
A. Bhuvana Kosha
B. Balabharata
C. Karpuramanjari
D. Haravilasa

178. Rajashekhara wrote Karpuramanjari primarily to please:
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. His wife Avantisundari
D. Mahipala I

179. Which literary work of Rajashekhara served as a practical guide for poets?
A. Haravilasa
B. Kavyamimamsa
C. Balaramayana
D. Viddhashalabhanjika

180. Rajashekhara described himself as the teacher (guru) of:
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Rajyapala
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Yashpala

181. Match List I with List II regarding literary works of Rajashekhara:

A. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2
B. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

182. Match List I with List II regarding literary personalities:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
D. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2

183. Assertion (A): Rajashekhara acknowledged a woman’s contribution to his literary career.
Reason (R): He credited Avantisundari for inspiring Karpuramanjari.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

184. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas ignored literary patronage due to warfare.
Reason (R): Mahendrapala I patronized learned men like Rajashekhara.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

185. Assertion (A): Rajashekhara’s dramas provide insights into political conditions of North India.
Reason (R): His works were closely connected to courtly life.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

186. The Gurjara-Pratihara style of temple architecture is characterized by:
A. Massive domes and arches
B. Tall pyramidal vimanas
C. Short plinths and simple spires
D. Mughal-style minarets

187. Which temple in Gwalior is regarded as the oldest surviving large-scale Pratihara structure?
A. Someshwara Temple
B. Ghateshwara Temple
C. Teli-ka-Mandir
D. Ambika Mata Temple

188. The Naresar temples in Gwalior are known for having:
A. Circular sanctums
B. Square sanctums with curvilinear tri-ratha design
C. Rock-cut chaityas
D. Octagonal domes

189. Which among the following is an outstanding example of Pratihara temple architecture?
A. Brihadeeswara Temple
B. Kailasa Temple
C. Teli-ka-Mandir
D. Shore Temple

190. Which artistic feature became especially famous under the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Persian miniature painting
B. Carved panels and open pavilion-style temples
C. Mughal frescoes
D. Dravidian bronze sculpture

191. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara temples:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

192. Match List I with List II regarding sculptural themes:

A. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-4, C-3, D-2
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1

193. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratiharas contributed significantly to temple architecture.
Reason (R): Temples such as Teli-ka-Mandir and Ambika Mata represent their style.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

194. Assertion (A): Khajuraho represents an important development linked to the Pratihara architectural tradition.
Reason (R): Temple-building techniques evolved further under later dynasties.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

195. Assertion (A): Pratihara temples generally featured high pyramidal vimanas like Chola temples.
Reason (R): Pratihara temples were predominantly Nagara in style.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

196. The Teli-ka-Mandir at Gwalior is associated with which cult?
A. Vaishnava
B. Shaiva
C. Jain
D. Shakti cult

197. The Ambika Mata Temple is located at:
A. Gwalior
B. Osian
C. Jagat
D. Kannauj

198. Ghateshwara Temple is located at:
A. Deogarh
B. Baroli
C. Khajuraho
D. Pathari

199. Which temple displayed one of the earliest surviving examples of a Sekhari Shikhara?
A. Ambika Mata Temple
B. Gyaraspur Temple
C. Teli-ka-Mandir
D. Someshwara Temple

200. Which among the following best describes the artistic legacy of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Complete absence of temple culture
B. Exclusive focus on warfare
C. Development of temple architecture, sculpture, and literary patronage
D. Dependence entirely on foreign styles

201. The most significant advancement in the Gurjara-Pratihara temple-building style is visible at:
A. Konark
B. Mahabalipuram
C. Khajuraho
D. Ajanta

202. Which architectural feature is typical of Malwa Pratihara temples?
A. Large domes with arches
B. Tall gopurams
C. Low short plinth and simple stunted spire
D. Rock-cut caves

203. The extraordinary Teli-ka-Mandir is located in the fort of:
A. Chittor
B. Kannauj
C. Deogarh
D. Gwalior

204. Which among the following temples is associated with Pathari?
A. Someshwara Temple
B. Ambika Mata Temple
C. Kutakeshvara Temple
D. Vishnu Temple

205. Which temple style roof is one of the earliest surviving examples found at Teli-ka-Mandir?
A. Dravida
B. Latina
C. Rekha-Prasada
D. Phamsana roof

206. Which temple complex in the Pratihara architectural tradition included Pancha-Yatana (five-shrine) arrangements?
A. Teli-ka-Mandir
B. Ghateshwara Temple
C. Hari-Hara Temple at Osian
D. Someshwara Temple

207. Which architectural site is regarded as an important center of early Pratihara architecture?
A. Nalanda
B. Amaravati
C. Osian
D. Sanchi

208. The Ambika Mata Temple at Jagat is especially known for:
A. Rock-cut chaityas
B. Elaborate decorative and clustered architectural design
C. Buddhist murals
D. Persian inscriptions

209. Which temple anticipated the later Chandella style of architecture?
A. Teli-ka-Mandir
B. Ambika Mata Temple
C. Ghateshwara Temple at Baroli
D. Mahadeva Temple at Amrol

210. The Vishnu and Someshwara temples at Kiradu are considered:
A. Buddhist structures
B. Islamic monuments
C. Culmination of the Pratihara architectural tradition
D. Mauryan temples

211. Match List I with List II regarding temple sites:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

212. Match List I with List II regarding architectural features:

A. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
B. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

213. Assertion (A): Pratihara temple architecture significantly influenced later North Indian styles.
Reason (R): Architectural developments at sites such as Khajuraho evolved from Pratihara traditions.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

214. Assertion (A): Osian served as an important center of Gurjara-Pratihara architecture.
Reason (R): Several temples there display characteristic Pratihara features such as open halls and Pancha-Yatana layouts.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

215. Assertion (A): The Teli-ka-Mandir follows a purely Dravidian architectural tradition.
Reason (R): It displays distinctive Pratihara features and an early Phamsana roof.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

216. Which ruler’s descendants “had little of Gurjaradesha left in their hands” due to rebellious feudatories?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Rajyapala

217. Which factor significantly contributed to the decline of the Pratihara Empire?
A. Strong naval invasions
B. Climatic change
C. Rise of powerful feudatories
D. Mongol attacks

218. Which Rashtrakuta ruler invaded North India in 963 CE, further weakening the Pratiharas?
A. Dhruva Dharavarsha
B. Govinda III
C. Indra III
D. Krishna III

219. The weakening of central authority in the Pratihara Empire encouraged feudatories to:
A. Support stronger taxation
B. Accept imperial control
C. Declare independence
D. Convert to Buddhism

220. After decline, the Pratihara kingdom was reduced mainly to the region of:
A. Gujarat
B. Malwa
C. Bengal
D. Kanyakubja (Kannauj)

221. Match List I with List II regarding causes of decline:

A. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
B. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
C. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
D. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3

222. Match List I with List II regarding invaders and outcomes:

A. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
B. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
C. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
D. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

223. Assertion (A): Rashtrakuta invasions weakened the Pratihara Empire.
Reason (R): Kings such as Indra III and Krishna III attacked Kannauj and northern India.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

224. Assertion (A): The Pratihara feudatories remained completely loyal during imperial decline.
Reason (R): Provincial rulers sought greater autonomy when central power weakened.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

225. Assertion (A): The Pratihara Empire remained a pan-Indian power till the 12th century.
Reason (R): It was eventually reduced to the Kannauj region and conquered.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

226. Which dynasty eventually controlled Kannauj after the decline of the Pratiharas?
A. Palas
B. Chandelas
C. Gahadavalas
D. Paramaras

227. Chandradeva, who established the Gahadavala dynasty, belonged to which clan according to the passage?
A. Chauhan
B. Parmara
C. Solanki
D. Rathore

228. Mahmud of Ghazni invaded Kannauj in:
A. 915 CE
B. 963 CE
C. 1018 CE
D. 1036 CE

229. Vidyadhara, who killed Rajyapala, belonged to which dynasty?
A. Rashtrakuta
B. Pala
C. Paramara
D. Chandela

230. Which ruler of the Pratihara dynasty ruled approximately from 1024 to 1036 CE?
A. Rajyapala
B. Trilochanapala
C. Mahipala II
D. Yashpala

231. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and chronology:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
D. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

232. Match List I with List II regarding decline-related rulers:

A. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

233. Assertion (A): Rajyapala resisted Mahmud of Ghazni and defended Kannauj successfully.
Reason (R): Rajyapala fled in fear during Mahmud’s invasion.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

234. Assertion (A): Yashpala was the last Gurjara-Pratihara ruler of Kannauj.
Reason (R): His death in 1036 marked the end of the dynasty.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

235. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas were permanently overthrown by the Palas.
Reason (R): The Ghaznavid Turks finally subdued the weakened kingdom.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

236. Which Arab chronicler referred to the Pratihara-Rashtrakuta rivalry as the defining feature of the age?
A. Sulaiman
B. Al-Masudi
C. Ibn Battuta
D. Al-Biruni

237. The rivalry between Rashtrakutas and Pratiharas over Gujarat and Malwa began around:
A. 5th century CE
B. 6th century CE
C. 7th century CE
D. Mid-8th century CE

238. The control of the Ganges river route was crucial mainly for:
A. Religious pilgrimages only
B. Military recruitment only
C. Trade, agriculture, and prosperity
D. Mining operations

239. Why could the Rashtrakutas not maintain prolonged control in North India?
A. Weak military
B. Religious opposition
C. Distance from their southern base areas
D. Lack of cavalry

240. Much of the Rashtrakuta campaigns in North India were undertaken for:
A. Permanent colonization only
B. Religious conversion
C. Prestige, booty, and imperial glory
D. Agricultural settlement

241. Which of the following best explains why Kannauj became the focus of the Tripartite Struggle?
A. It was a center of Buddhist learning only
B. It controlled maritime trade
C. It symbolized sovereignty over North India and controlled the upper Gangetic valley
D. It was rich in mineral resources

242. The Ayudha rulers of Kannauj were considered:
A. Militarily superior
B. Loyal allies of the Rashtrakutas
C. Weak rulers vulnerable to intervention
D. Patrons of maritime trade

243. Which dynasty supported rival claimants to the throne of Kannauj before the Pratiharas intervened?
A. Cholas
B. Rashtrakutas
C. Palas
D. Paramaras

244. The Pratiharas gained an excuse to attack Kannauj because:
A. The Cholas invaded Rajasthan
B. The Palas interfered in Ayudha politics
C. Arab armies occupied Kannauj
D. Rashtrakutas abandoned Gujarat

245. Dhruva Dharavarsha’s victory over Vatsaraja enabled which ruler to restore influence in Kannauj?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahipala I
C. Dharmapala
D. Krishna II

246. Which among the following was a geographical reason for Pratihara-Rashtrakuta conflict?
A. Access to Himalayan forests
B. Control of Malwa and Gujarat trade routes
C. Domination over Sri Lanka
D. Access to Arabian deserts

247. The Pratiharas retained Gujarat mainly to control:
A. Buddhist pilgrimage routes
B. Iron ore reserves
C. South-western maritime and trade routes
D. Forest produce

248. Which among the following was a major feature of Pratihara military organization?
A. Exclusive reliance on infantry
B. Combination of standing armies and feudal levies
C. Absence of cavalry
D. Dependence on foreign mercenaries only

249. According to Arab travellers, the Gurjara-Pratihara rulers possessed:
A. Weak military forces
B. No cavalry
C. One of the finest cavalry forces in India
D. Only naval strength

250. Which Pratihara ruler’s silver and copper coins depicted Adivaraha?
A. Mahipala I
B. Rajyapala
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Nagabhata II

251. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and military achievements:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

252. Match List I with List II regarding Arab writers and descriptions:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

253. Assertion (A): Kannauj remained politically insignificant during the early medieval period.
Reason (R): Control over Kannauj implied authority over North India.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

254. Assertion (A): Arab chroniclers admired the military capabilities of the Gurjara-Pratiharas.
Reason (R): The Pratiharas maintained excellent cavalry forces.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

255. Assertion (A): The Pratihara military system relied entirely on hereditary warriors.
Reason (R): Feudal levies supplemented standing armies stationed on frontiers.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

256. Which among the following best describes the Pratihara political structure?
A. Highly centralized bureaucracy only
B. Monarchical state supported by feudatories and samantas
C. Tribal republic
D. Pure confederation of merchants

257. Which title was commonly adopted by powerful Pratihara rulers to emphasize sovereignty?
A. Chakravarti only
B. Parameshwara and Maharajadhiraja
C. Nawab
D. Sultan-i-Hind

258. Which administrative officer was most likely responsible for legal advice in the Pratihara system?
A. Dandapashika
B. Baladhikrat
C. Vyavaharina
D. Tantrapala

259. The office of Bhangika in Pratihara administration dealt mainly with:
A. Military recruitment
B. Religious ceremonies
C. Drafting charitable grants and orders
D. Foreign diplomacy

260. The Mahattars in village administration were:
A. Royal spies
B. Tax collectors
C. Village elders
D. Temple priests

261. Match List I with List II regarding Pratihara administration:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
D. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2

262. Match List I with List II regarding economy:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
C. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1
D. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3

263. Assertion (A): The Pratihara kings exercised supreme political authority.
Reason (R): The kings appointed samantas and authorized grants.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

264. Assertion (A): Copper was widely used as a medium of exchange in the Pratihara Empire.
Reason (R): The Pratihara Empire lacked major gold coinage.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

265. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas ruled exclusively through direct administration.
Reason (R): Samantas governed several regions while acknowledging the king’s supremacy.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

266. Which Pratihara ruler expanded authority over Punjab and Avadh?
A. Mahendrapala I
B. Nagabhata I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Rajyapala

267. Which ruler was known by names such as Mihir and Prabhasa?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mahipala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Yashpala

268. The court of Mahendrapala I was especially known for patronage of:
A. Persian scholars
B. Buddhist monks
C. Sanskrit literature and scholars
D. Islamic jurists

269. Which of the following texts of Rajashekhara is considered a guidebook for poets?
A. Haravilasa
B. Balabharata
C. Kavyamimamsa
D. Bhuvana Kosha

270. The play Balabharata was staged in the court of:
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mahipala I
D. Rajyapala

271. Match List I with List II regarding literary culture:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
D. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

272. Match List I with List II regarding temple architecture:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
C. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1
D. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

273. Assertion (A): Rajashekhara’s literary works reflect political life at court.
Reason (R): His dramas were closely linked to contemporary political conditions.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

274. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratiharas neglected temple construction.
Reason (R): Several temples in Osian, Gwalior, and Jagat belong to their tradition.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

275. Assertion (A): The Pratihara Empire maintained strong central control till the end.
Reason (R): Rebellious feudatories increasingly weakened the state.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

276. Which ruler is considered the last significant Pratihara king?
A. Yashpala
B. Mahipala I
C. Rajyapala
D. Nagabhata II

277. After Rajyapala’s defeat, a minor Pratihara principality survived near:
A. Gujarat
B. Rajasthan
C. Bengal
D. Allahabad region

278. The fall of the Gurjara-Pratiharas marked:
A. Rise of Mauryan Empire
B. Expansion of Cholas in Punjab
C. A major turning point before Muslim expansion in North India
D. End of temple architecture

279. Which ruler’s invasion of Kannauj in 1018 accelerated Pratihara decline?
A. Muhammad Ghori
B. Mahmud of Ghazni
C. Timur
D. Alauddin Khalji

280. Which of the following best summarizes the historical importance of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Exclusive maritime dominance
B. Buddhist missionary activity
C. Defense against Arab invasions and consolidation of North India
D. Establishment of Mughal administration

281. Which Gurjara-Pratihara ruler first brought widespread imperial prestige to the dynasty after the defeat of Arab invasions?
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata I
C. Mahipala I
D. Yashpala

282. Which ruler pursued an aggressive imperial policy between 775–800 CE?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Vatsaraja
D. Mahendrapala I

283. Dharmapala installed which ruler on the throne of Kannauj after Vatsaraja’s defeat?
A. Bhoja II
B. Mahipala I
C. Chakrayudha
D. Trilochanapala

284. Which Pratihara ruler allied with Andhra, Vidarbha, and Kalinga?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahendrapala II

285. Which ruler took over Malwa and Gujarat after defeating Rashtrakuta king Krishna II?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Mahendrapala I

286. Mahendrapala I’s empire stretched from the Himalayas to the:
A. Krishna River
B. Godavari River
C. Narmada River
D. Vindhyas

287. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty was also known as ‘Nirbhayaraja’?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Bhoja II
D. Nagabhata I

288. Which ruler was referred to as ‘Uttarapatha Swami’ by Rajasekhara?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mahipala I
D. Rajyapala

289. Which Rashtrakuta ruler completely devastated Kannauj during Mahipala I’s reign?
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna II
C. Indra III
D. Dhruva Dharavarsha

290. Which ruler was appointed as a proxy king after Rajyapala’s death?
A. Bhoja II
B. Vijayapala
C. Trilochanapala
D. Mahendrapala II

291. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and achievements:

A. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
D. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

292. Match List I with List II regarding inscriptions and rulers:

A. A-2, B-4, C-3, D-1
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4

293. Assertion (A): Vatsaraja defeated Dharmapala in Bengal.
Reason (R): Dharmapala fled after losing his royal umbrellas.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

294. Assertion (A): Nagabhata II permanently retained Kannauj after conquering it.
Reason (R): Govinda III later defeated him.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

295. Assertion (A): Mahendrapala I significantly enlarged the Pratihara Empire.
Reason (R): He annexed Magadha and parts of northern Bengal.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

296. Which of the following rulers was a strong opponent of Arab invasions according to Arab chroniclers?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Bhoja II

297. Which Arab traveler identified Mihir Bhoja with the king of Juzr?
A. Ibn Battuta
B. Sulaiman
C. Al-Biruni
D. Minhaj-us-Siraj

298. Mihir Bhoja’s coins featured symbols such as:
A. Crescent moon and sword
B. Lion and lotus only
C. Solar wheel, mace, lotus, conch, and serpent
D. Tiger and elephant

299. Which mint master under Alauddin Khalji later referred to Adivaraha coins?
A. Ziauddin Barani
B. Al-Biruni
C. Thakkar Pheru
D. Hasan Nizami

300. Which Pratihara ruler controlled eastern Punjab according to the Pahewa inscription?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Nagabhata II
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Mahendrapala I

301. Match List I with List II regarding Arab references:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2

302. Match List I with List II regarding military conflicts:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
C. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
D. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3

303. Assertion (A): Mihir Bhoja faced defeats in the early years of his reign.
Reason (R): He suffered setbacks from Palas, Rashtrakutas, and Kalachuris.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

304. Assertion (A): Rajasekhara remained in the Pratihara court only during Mahendrapala I’s reign.
Reason (R): He also served under Mahipala I.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

305. Assertion (A): Arab chroniclers praised the military organization of the Gurjara-Pratiharas.
Reason (R): Their cavalry was considered among the best in India.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

306. Which temple is considered one of the earliest surviving examples of a Phamsana roof?
A. Ambika Mata Temple
B. Vishnu Temple at Kiradu
C. Teli-ka-Mandir
D. Someshwara Temple

307. Which temple site is associated with richly carved panels in Pratihara architecture?
A. Sanchi
B. Osian
C. Amaravati
D. Taxila

308. Which sculpture from the Gurjara-Pratihara period is displayed in Gwalior Museum?
A. Buddha in meditation
B. Nataraja image
C. Sursundari figure
D. Lion Capital

309. The Viswaroopa form of Vishnu and Marriage of Shiva-Parvati sculptures are associated with:
A. Mathura
B. Kannauj
C. Khajuraho
D. Gaya

310. Which temple at Kiradu is notable for one of the earliest Samvarana roofs?
A. Ambika Mata Temple
B. Ghateshwara Temple
C. Vishnu Temple
D. Mahadeva Temple

311. Match List I with List II regarding temple features:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

312. Match List I with List II regarding religion and society:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

313. Assertion (A): Jainism disappeared completely during the Gurjara-Pratihara period.
Reason (R): Jain communities remained concentrated in Gujarat and Rajputana.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

314. Assertion (A): Shaivism was practiced under Gurjara-Pratihara rule.
Reason (R): Rulers like Vatsaraja and Mahendrapala worshipped Shiva.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

315. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratiharas relied only on barter trade.
Reason (R): Coins such as Drammas circulated widely.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

316. Which ruler’s death in Bengal created opportunities for Mihir Bhoja’s expansion?
A. Dharmapala
B. Narayanapala
C. Devapala
D. Gopala

317. Which Rashtrakuta king was occupied with Eastern Chalukya conflict, benefiting Mihir Bhoja?
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna II
C. Dhruva
D. Indra III

318. Which inscription confirms Mihir Bhoja’s authority in southern Rajputana?
A. Siyadoni Inscription
B. Pratapgarh Inscription
C. Junagadh Inscription
D. Allahabad Pillar Inscription

319. Which ruler expanded the empire into Magadha and northern Bengal?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Rajyapala

320. Which of the following best describes the zenith of Gurjara-Pratihara power?
A. Rajyapala’s reign
B. Yashpala’s reign
C. Mihir Bhoja and Mahendrapala I’s reigns
D. Bhoja II’s reign

321. Which ruler was described in Harivamsha Purana as the “master of the western quarter”?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Vatsaraja
D. Mahipala I

322. Durlabhraj Chauhan, who assisted the Pratiharas against Bengal, belonged to:
A. Mewar
B. Gujarat
C. Kannauj
D. Shakambhari

323. Which inscription mentions the defeat of the Gauda ruler Dharmapala by Nagabhata II?
A. Allahabad Inscription
B. Junagadh Inscription
C. Baroda Inscription (812 CE)
D. Aihole Inscription

324. Which title did Vatsaraja adopt after his Kannauj campaign?
A. Adivaraha
B. Uttarapatha Swami
C. Paramabhattaraka
D. Ranahastin

325. Which region became the first major political center of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Kannauj
B. Bengal
C. Ujjain/Avanti region
D. Punjab

326. The Pratihara ruler who checked Muslim expansion in western India after defeating Arab forces was:
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata II
C. Bhoja II
D. Vijayapala

327. Who among the following succeeded Mahendrapala I immediately?
A. Mahipala I
B. Bhoja II
C. Rajyapala
D. Trilochanapala

328. Which ruler of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty was dethroned by his cousin Mahipala I?
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata II
C. Bhoja II
D. Mahendrapala II

329. The Rajatarangini of Kalhana mentions Pratihara authority in:
A. Gujarat
B. Bengal
C. Eastern Punjab/Karnal region
D. Deccan

330. The forts of Kalinjar and Chitrakuta were captured by:
A. Rashtrakutas
B. Cholas
C. Palas
D. Paramaras

331. Match List I with List II regarding inscriptions and references:

A. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B. A-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
C. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
D. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

332. Match List I with List II regarding feudatories:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
C. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

333. Assertion (A): Bhoja II retained the throne successfully for a long period.
Reason (R): He was overthrown by Mahipala I.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

334. Assertion (A): Mahipala I revived Pratihara power after Indra III’s invasion.
Reason (R): Rashtrakuta occupation of Kannauj remained permanent.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

335. Assertion (A): The Pratihara rulers frequently depended on feudatories for military support.
Reason (R): Samantas were expected to provide troops and loyalty.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

336. Which Pratihara ruler assumed the imperial titles Paramabhattaraka, Maharajadhiraja, and Paramesvara?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Vatsaraja
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

337. Which ruler among the following was called ‘Mahindrapala’?
A. Mahipala I
B. Bhoja II
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Nagabhata II

338. Which Arab writer described the Gurjara ruler as King ‘Baura’?
A. Sulaiman
B. Al-Masudi
C. Ibn Battuta
D. Minhaj-us-Siraj

339. The Mandsor branch of the Pratiharas served as samantas under:
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Yashpala

340. Which Pratihara ruler’s control extended up to the Narmada River?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahipala I
C. Bhoja II
D. Vijayapala

341. Match List I with List II regarding titles and rulers:

A. A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3
B. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
C. A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
D. A-4, B-3, C-2, D-1

342. Match List I with List II regarding capitals and centers:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
D. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3

343. Assertion (A): The Pratiharas successfully maintained uninterrupted control over Gujarat.
Reason (R): Rashtrakuta attacks repeatedly challenged their authority in Gujarat and Malwa.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

344. Assertion (A): Mahendrapala I was known for patronage of scholars.
Reason (R): Rajashekhara flourished in his court.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

345. Assertion (A): Mihir Bhoja was entirely unsuccessful against the Rashtrakutas.
Reason (R): He defeated Krishna II and occupied Malwa and Gujarat.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

346. Which among the following deities was especially worshipped in Shaivism during the Pratihara period?
A. Agni
B. Shiva under names like Pashupati and Shambhu
C. Indra only
D. Karttikeya only

347. Which goddess traditions flourished under Sakta worship during the Pratihara period?
A. Saraswati and Lakshmi only
B. Durga, Chamunda, Bhagavati, and Kali
C. Ganga and Yamuna only
D. Radha and Sita only

348. Which sects were important under Brahmanism during the Gurjara-Pratihara period?
A. Vaishnava and Shaiva only
B. Shaiva and Sakta only
C. Vaishnava, Shaiva, Sakta only
D. Vaishnava, Shaiva, Sakta, and Surya sects

349. Temples in the Pratihara period were largely supported through:
A. State taxation only
B. Foreign donations
C. Donations from kings and wealthy individuals
D. Merchant guild monopolies only

350. Which among the following was prevalent besides idol worship in Pratihara religious life?
A. Complete rejection of rituals
B. Yajnas and charitable donations
C. Only meditation practices
D. Islamic pilgrimage traditions

351. Match List I with List II regarding religious practices:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

352. Match List I with List II regarding caste groups:

A. A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1
B. A-3, B-2, C-1, D-4
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

353. Assertion (A): Buddhism was in decline during the Pratihara period.
Reason (R): Buddhist adherents decreased significantly during this time.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

354. Assertion (A): Jainism had no presence in western India during the Pratihara age.
Reason (R): Jain adherents were concentrated in Gujarat and Rajputana.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

355. Assertion (A): Temples and educational institutions were often community-supported projects.
Reason (R): Entire village communities participated in temple-related activities.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

356. Which Pratihara ruler’s empire was described as nearly spanning the whole of India?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Rajyapala
D. Bhoja II

357. Which ruler fought Govinda III after defeating Dharmapala?
A. Mahipala I
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

358. Which Pratihara ruler ruled approximately from 780–800 CE?
A. Nagabhata II
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Mahendrapala I
D. Vatsaraja

359. Which of the following rulers is associated with the rise of the Imperial Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Rajyapala
B. Vatsaraja
C. Bhoja II
D. Trilochanapala

360. Which factor most strongly explains the endurance of Gurjara-Pratihara rule for over two centuries?
A. Naval supremacy
B. Foreign military alliances only
C. Military strength, strategic control of Kannauj, and capable rulers
D. Complete absence of rivals

361. Which Pratihara ruler first made Kannauj the imperial center of the dynasty?
A. Vatsaraja
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Nagabhata II
D. Rajyapala

362. Which ruler among the following was defeated by Dantidurga, the Rashtrakuta ruler?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Nagabhata I
D. Mahipala I

363. The Sanjan inscription suggests that Nagabhata I acted as a ‘Pratihara’ (doorkeeper) at Ujjain during a ceremony conducted by:
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna III
C. Dantidurga
D. Indra III

364. Which Rashtrakuta ruler’s descendant mentioned Nagabhata’s subordination in the Sanjan inscription?
A. Govinda III
B. Krishna II
C. Amoghavarsha
D. Indra III

365. Which among the following rulers was the grand-nephew of Nagabhata I?
A. Mahipala I
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Vatsaraja
D. Rajyapala

366. Which ruler defeated Chakrayudha and later fought Govinda III?
A. Mihir Bhoja
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Nagabhata II
D. Bhoja II

367. Which ruler was called ‘Mahendrayudha’ in literary references?
A. Rajyapala
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Nagabhata I
D. Mahipala I

368. Which among the following rulers ruled approximately between 913–944 CE?
A. Bhoja II
B. Mahendrapala I
C. Rajyapala
D. Mahipala I

369. Which Pratihara ruler was defeated during Mahmud of Ghazni’s invasion of Kannauj?
A. Yashpala
B. Mihir Bhoja
C. Rajyapala
D. Trilochanapala

370. The death of which ruler in 1036 CE marked the end of the Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty?
A. Rajyapala
B. Bhoja II
C. Trilochanapala
D. Yashpala

371. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and chronology:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-3, B-2, C-4, D-1
C. A-1, B-4, C-2, D-3
D. A-4, B-1, C-3, D-2

372. Match List I with List II regarding rulers and events:

A. A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4
B. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
C. A-3, B-1, C-4, D-2
D. A-4, B-2, C-3, D-1

373. Assertion (A): Nagabhata I played an important role in resisting Arab expansion into India.
Reason (R): He defeated Arab invasions originating from Sindh.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

374. Assertion (A): The Rashtrakutas succeeded in permanently annexing Kannauj.
Reason (R): Distance from their southern base hindered permanent control.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

375. Assertion (A): Mahmud of Ghazni’s invasion accelerated the final collapse of Pratihara authority.
Reason (R): Rajyapala fled Kannauj instead of resisting effectively.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

376. Which city was considered the symbol of sovereignty in North India after Harsha?
A. Ujjain
B. Mathura
C. Kannauj (Kanyakubja)
D. Gwalior

377. Which dynasty ruled Bengal and Bihar during the Tripartite Struggle?
A. Rashtrakutas
B. Chandelas
C. Palas
D. Paramaras

378. The Rashtrakutas were primarily based in which region?
A. Punjab
B. Bengal
C. Rajasthan
D. Deccan

379. The Gurjara-Pratiharas retained Gujarat mainly because of:
A. Religious pilgrimages
B. Mineral wealth
C. Trade routes and maritime commerce
D. Forest products

380. Which factor made Kannauj economically important besides political prestige?
A. Gold mines
B. Naval ports
C. Upper Gangetic trade and agricultural resources
D. Desert trade only

381. Match List I with List II regarding Tripartite Struggle powers:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
C. A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4
D. A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2

382. Match List I with List II regarding economic and military features:

A. A-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
B. A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3
C. A-1, B-2, C-4, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

383. Assertion (A): Control of Kannauj implied influence over the upper Gangetic valley.
Reason (R): The region was economically prosperous and strategically important.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

384. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratiharas maintained strong naval supremacy over the Indian Ocean.
Reason (R): Their strength lay mainly in cavalry and land-based imperial control.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

385. Assertion (A): The Gurjara-Pratihara Empire depended solely on direct taxation for military maintenance.
Reason (R): Feudal levies from samantas supplemented standing armies.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

386. Which ruler’s reign is generally regarded as the high point of Pratihara imperial expansion?
A. Rajyapala
B. Nagabhata I
C. Mihir Bhoja
D. Yashpala

387. Which ruler expanded the empire further after Mihir Bhoja?
A. Nagabhata I
B. Rajyapala
C. Mahipala I
D. Mahendrapala I

388. Which Arab writer emphasized the vastness and prestige of the Pratihara Empire in the early 10th century?
A. Ibn Battuta
B. Al-Masudi
C. Al-Biruni
D. Minhaj-us-Siraj

389. The gradual decline of Pratihara authority began significantly after:
A. Vatsaraja’s victory in Bengal
B. Succession disputes after Mahendrapala I
C. Nagabhata I’s Arab victories
D. Mahendrapala II’s reforms

390. Which among the following best characterizes the Pratihara state?
A. Maritime empire based on naval trade
B. Tribal confederacy without monarchy
C. Feudal-monarchical empire with strong cavalry and regional samantas
D. Buddhist republican state

391. Match List I with List II regarding literary and cultural achievements:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

392. Match List I with List II regarding architecture:

A. A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
B. A-1, B-3, C-4, D-2
C. A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3
D. A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1

393. Assertion (A): Gurjara-Pratihara architecture influenced later North Indian temple traditions.
Reason (R): Architectural developments at Khajuraho built upon earlier Pratihara forms.

A. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
B. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A
C. A is true but R is false
D. A is false but R is true

394. Assertion (A): The Pratihara rulers were hostile to temple patronage.
Reason (R): Temple construction and educational institutions flourished with community participation.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

395. Assertion (A): Arab invasions permanently succeeded in conquering western India during Nagabhata I’s reign.
Reason (R): Nagabhata I successfully repelled Arab invasions from Sindh.

A. Both A and R are true
B. A is true but R is false
C. A is false but R is true
D. Both A and R are false

396. Which dynasty emerged in Kannauj after the decline of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Chandelas
B. Paramaras
C. Gahadavalas
D. Palas

397. Which of the following contributed most directly to the collapse of Pratihara imperial authority?
A. Only religious decline
B. Rashtrakuta invasions combined with rebellious feudatories and succession disputes
C. Exclusive maritime decline
D. Climatic disasters only

398. The Gurjara-Pratiharas are historically significant primarily because they:
A. Introduced Persian administration
B. Built India’s first naval empire
C. Prevented Arab expansion and dominated North India for over two centuries
D. Founded the Delhi Sultanate

399. Which statement best describes the cultural contribution of the Gurjara-Pratiharas?
A. Limited cultural activity due to constant warfare
B. Exclusive focus on trade
C. Promotion of temple architecture, literature, sculpture, and Sanskrit learning
D. Decline of urban centers

400. Which of the following best summarizes the legacy of the Gurjara-Pratiharas in Indian history?
A. Minor regional dynasty with little influence
B. Maritime power centered on ports
C. Buddhist dynasty ruling the Deccan
D. Major imperial power that defended North India, shaped temple architecture, and patronized learning