1. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer from the codes given below this lists (DEC 2013)

1. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
2. A-III, B-II, C-I, D-IV
3. A-1, B-IV, C-III, D-II
4. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I

Answer: 4

Explanation: The correct match of the given lists is as follows:

• Michel Foucault: Associated with “biopower,” which is a form of power used to manage large populations. It allows for the control of entire populations. Steven Lukes: Associated with the “radical view of power.” Lukes employs Marxist concepts such as real interests and false consciousness to understand power dynamics.
• Stewart Clegg: Associated with the “circuits of power.” Clegg’s concept likens the production and organization of power to an electric circuit, comprising three interacting circuits: episodic, dispositional, and facilitative.
• Friedrich Nietzsche: Associated with the “Will to Power.” Nietzsche argues that the will to power is the primary driving force in humans, connecting desires for cruelty with pleasure derived from power.

2. Who said ‘A state is a human activity that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory’? (JUNE-2014)

1. David Easton
2. GA Almond
3. Karl Marx
4. Max Weber

Answer: 4

Explanation: Max Weber stated, “A state is a human activity that successfully claims the monopoly of the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.” This means that the state, as an entity, uniquely holds the right to exercise legitimate physical force within a specified territory. This concept was first articulated by Weber, a sociologist, in his 1919 essay ‘Politics as a Vocation’ He proposed that the core attribute of the state is its recognized monopoly on the legitimate use of force.